Banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO: ANDRÉ RAMOS DE SOUZA

Uma banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : ANDRÉ RAMOS DE SOUZA
DATA : 16/06/2021
HORA: 14:00
LOCAL: Sala virtual Google Meet
TÍTULO:

THE RISK OF POLLUTION AND VULNERABILITY OF THE MEDIUM AQUIFER IN THE ARARIPE SEDIMENTARY BASIN

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

POLLUTION, VULNERABILITY, AQUIFER, BASIN AND ARARIPE

PÁGINAS: 69
GRANDE ÁREA: Outra
ÁREA: Ciências Ambientais
RESUMO:

All water that circulates invisibly through the earth's subsoil and flows into rivers during the period without rain - 13,000 km³/year - constitutes the contribution of the underground source. It results mainly from the infiltration in the land where the respective hydrographic basins were carved of a portion of the water that precipitated from the atmosphere in the form of rain, fog or snow (REBOUÇAS, 2008). In Brazil, the total underground water reserve is in the order of 112,000 km³, with around 90% located in sedimentary basins (REBOUÇAS, 2008). In the state of Ceará, the main underground water reserves are found: in the coastal strip, in the Apodi plateau, in the Araripe Sedimentary Basin, in the Ibiapaba mountains. Thus, 37.5% of the cities and 27% of the districts are supplied with underground water, that is, 19% of the urban population of the state, and through tubular wells and amazons, springs or springs produce about 180,000 m³ daily (IPECE , 2011). The Araripe Sedimentary Basin is located in the south of the state of Ceará and also comprises the states of Piauí and Pernambuco, with approximately 11,000 km² in area, varying about 400 m between a vast plateau and a plain area, where they are located. the municipalities of Cariri Cearense, highlighting the municipalities of Crato, Juazeiro do Norte, Barbalha and Missão Velha. In this region, underground water resources are the main source for human supply, animal watering, as well as for irrigation, industry and leisure. The medium aquifer is located in the valley zone, under the main municipalities of the Cariri region. Among the aquifer diversity of the Sedimentary Basin, the medium aquifer is the one with the greatest water availability and, as a consequence, it is the most explored aquifer system, with a high concentration of deep wells, in view of the large population, industrial and irrigation demand, among other uses. Municipalities such as Crato, Juazeiro, Barbalha and Missão Velha, the main ones in the region, depend almost entirely on the average aquifer system to meet the demands of human supply, irrigation, industry, animal watering and other uses, through abstraction through tubular wells deep. However, other municipalities also have an outcrop of this aquifer system, such as Abaiara, Milagres, Brejo Santo, Porteiras and Mauriti. The excessive consumption of water resources in the medium aquifer of the Araripe Sedimentary Basin, mainly by deep well batteries, has been causing a significant drop in water levels. This lowering, when it occurs in sedimentary regions, with permeable soils, with a high number of industries and low levels of sanitation, presents a high risk of contamination of the aquifer system. Groundwater can be directly contaminated, without dilution, when the pollutant directly reaches the aquifer through abandoned wells or with construction problems, and by indirect contamination, when part of the pollutant is diluted before reaching the aquifer system (FEITOSA, et al 2008). The concern with groundwater contamination is mainly concentrated in groundwater or unconfined aquifers, especially in areas where the vadose zone is thin and the water table is shallow, however, there are significant risks of pollution in points where the aquifer is semi-confined, if the adjoining aquitars are relatively thin and permeable. (FOSTER, et al 2002). It is important to highlight that anthropic activity is the main responsible for the contamination of aquifers, which can be listed as the most common polluting sources, we have domestic and industrial effluents without proper treatment, released under the soil or into bodies of water, leachate and leachate from dumps, sludge from treatment plants, cemeteries, etc., agricultural activities through the use of fertilizers and pesticides, leaks in storage tanks for products such as chemical petroleum products, among others, and mining activities. In sedimentary regions with free aquifers and low levels of basic sanitation, as is the case of the Middle aquifer in the Araripe Sedimentary Basin, the vulnerability of the aquifer system and the risk of contamination is even more accentuated, due to the direct relationship of interaction between the rivers and the aquifer system, influenced by the fluctuation of the water table in dry and rainy periods, thus, in dry periods with the lowering of the water table, the hydraulic conditions favor the river to become influential to the aquifer system, percolating contaminant loads to inland waters. Within this context, vulnerability is understood as the susceptibility of aquifers to be affected by contaminant loads of anthropic origin (Feitosa et al., 2008) The GOD method, according to Foster et al. (2002), is widely applied in Latin American countries due to its good performance, lower cost and greater ease of obtaining

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Presidente - 1549937 - CELME TORRES FERREIRA DA COSTA
Interno - 1513585 - FRANCISCO JOSE DE PAULA FILHO
Externo à Instituição - MARTA DEL CARMEM PARIS - UNRC