The Aedes aegypti mosquito is of great interest in studies on arboviruses, due to the damage to public health as it is the main transmitter of the dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever and Zika viruses. For years, this vector was restricted to some tropical regions and the viruses were endemic to them, but they are currently spreading to other subtropical and temperate regions. At this juncture, a continuous increase in the incidence of these arboviruses can be seen. Currently, there is an increase in
investments to control the insect vector, but these measures are increasingly difficult due to the indiscriminate use of synthetic chemical insecticides which, although they are effective, are polluting the environment and their specific action does not only reach the target organism, causing severe impacts environmental and human health. Therefore, botanical insecticides appear with the aim of reducing this damage. Therefore, with this research, we sought to evaluate the insecticidal effect of Varronia curassavica Jacq essential oil. (whale weed) on larvae of Ae. aegypti. The essential oil was obtained by the hydrodeslitation method in a Clevenger-type device and its chemical constitution was made through gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC/MS). In bioassays, 20 larvae were used per test, in disposable cups with a volume of 25 ml each. The tests were carried out in four concentrations, with four repetitions each, plus a positive test, containing the synthetic insecticide pyriproxyfen at a commercial concentration and a negative test, containing only distilled water. The essential oil killed 100% of the larvae at the highest concentration (0.125% ) in 24 hours. At 0.0625%, mortality varied between 77.5% in 24 hours, 96.3% in 48 hours and 100% in 72 hours. While at concentration 0.0312%, a result of 63.7% mortality was obtained in 24 hours and 90 and 95% in 48 and 72 hours, respectively. For the lowest concentration (0.0156%), mortality was 37.5, 51.2 and 25.5% at 24, 48 and 72 hours,
respectively. In order to analyze the Lethal Concentrations (LC), the LC10 was calculated, with a value of 0.003%, the LC50 of 0.014% and the LC90 of 0.031%, values that are, considerably, below the minimum, average and maximum concentrations of the tested oil. The main constituents found in Varronia curassavica oil were (E)-Caryophyllene, Bicyclogermacrene and δ-Cadinene, probably responsible for the mortality of Aedes aegypti larvae. The results demonstrate the insecticidal potential of V. curassavica essential oil in controlling Ae. aegypti, especially as this is unprecedented data for this plant species.

Macrofauna can be used as a bioindicator of the environmental quality of ecosystems because they are diverse, abundant and ecologically relevant. Therefore, some insects are considered essential for indicating environmental quality, since they respond to environmental changes, as well as respond efficiently to disturbances, providing information about the structure, functioning and composition of the ecological system. Thus, the research sought to inventory the macrofauna and analyze its influence as a bioindicator of the environmental quality of the Negreiro reservoir, located in Salgueiro in the Central Sertão of Pernambuco. The study perimeter is part of the Negreiros reservoir, which is located on the northern axis, of the São Francisco River Integration Project with the Northern Northeast Basins – PISF. To obtain data, two areas characterized as preserved and anthropized were used, these were explored in dimensions of 500 x 50m each. Data collection took place in two moments, divided into dry (July to December 2022) and rainy (January to June 2023) seasons, pitfall-type ground traps were used, each trap consisted of a container plastic with a volume of 500 mL, measuring 10 cm in height by 12 cm in diameter and the frequency of collections occurred from four monthly visits to each trap, totaling 24 collections in the dry season and 24 in the rainy season. After data collection, faunal indices were determined based on analysis and statistics. After analysis, it was found that a total of 14,621 specimens were collected in both areas (anthropized and preserved), distributed across 14 orders: Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, Araneae, Orthoptera, Diptera, Blattodea, Hemiptera, Scorpiones, Scolopendromorpha, Lepidoptera , Dermaptera, Opiliones, Phasmatodea and Odonata. For studies on environmental changes, Coleoptera, Blattodea, Orthoptera, Diptera and Hymenoptera were used. Regarding the rainfall indices observed in the two types of climate variability, the dry season presented 200.6 mm and the rainy season 342.2 mm. Regarding the distribution of macrofauna, in the dry and rainy seasons, the predominance of individuals in the dry season, with 11,946 specimens, distributed in 14 orders, while in the rainy season there were 2,675, distributed in 10 orders. Regarding the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H'), the community presented (6.27), highlighting species diversity does not have a maximum value and its interpretation is comparative with higher values indicating greater diversity. The Pielou index (J’) was 0.83 and the Simpson index was 0.99. It is necessary to monitor the region's macrofauna, since it presented different characteristics from those observed in other research, where it was more prevalent in the dry season.

The contemporary urbanization process, marked by the accelerated growth of cities and the expansion of urban areas, has significantly transformed the global scenario. Today, more than half of the world's population lives in urban areas and this effect has resulted in notable climate changes. Heat islands, characterized by considerably higher temperatures in urbanized areas compared to rural areas, have become a growing concern in recent studies. Thus, this dissertation aims to analyze the occurrence of the phenomenon of surface heat islands on a spatio-temporal scale considering the years 2013, 2018 and 2023, through orbital images, and investigate the influence of land use and occupation processes and the presence of vegetation in changing the temperature in the municipalities of Crato, Juazeiro do Norte and Barbalha, in the south of Ceará. To achieve the objectives, this research was divided into three stages: bibliographical and cartographic review and data collection; database creation and integration; and organization and interpretation of data, preparation of maps of surface temperature, vegetation index and land use and occupation. To achieve the result, remote sensing techniques and geoprocessing tools were used, based on Landsat satellite images, from which temperature data and vegetation indices could be extracted. Analysis of the results allowed identifying the distribution patterns of heat islands and understanding the factors that contribute to their formation, investigating the influence of soil cover types, especially with regard to the presence of vegetation. Based on the theoretical framework and analysis of the results, it was observed that the data demonstrated the worsening of the observed phenomenon, in line with the various news reports that note the gradual increase in the temperature of cities. Thus, this dissertation provides support for urban planning and the implementation of adaptation and mitigation measures for heat islands in these municipalities.

The Horto neighborhood occupies a prominent position in the history and current situation of the city of Juazeiro do Norte, in the interior of Ceará. This does not exclude the complex reality of the place, whether from an environmental or social perspective, as is the case in peripheral locations of the urban environment. That said, this research is justified by the fact that the Horto neighborhood is the scene of a series of socio-environmental problems little explored by the scientific literature, especially when worked from the perspective of sustainable development. The general objective of this dissertation is to analyze the socio-environmental sustainability of the Horto neighborhood, in Juazeiro do Norte - CE, considering the context of geo-historical formation of the municipality of Juazeiro and its implications for the Horto neighborhood, the realization of an environmental diagnosis of the neighborhood between 2000 and 2023 and the investigation of socio-environmental sustainability through the protected areas present. A qualitative approach was adopted using bibliographic, documentary and iconographic research, in addition to a field analysis of environmental impacts and subsequent cartographic overlay of the impacts with the protected areas of the neighborhood. The first specific objective allowed us to ascertain the strong symbolic relationship between the religiosity of Horto and its space and its components, of Horto as the “center of the world”, and of the nature of the place possessing a sacredness. The second specific objective consolidated an environmental diagnosis of the Horto neighborhood, with a series of negative impacts identified for the resident population and the environment. Finally, in its final specific objective, this research identified physical, biotic and anthropic impacts in the Horto neighborhood and its protected areas. Therefore, as a result, a series of impacts were found in the most diverse protected areas of the Horto neighborhood, with a predominance of modification of the relief, induction of landslides and other mass movements and the generation of waste, in addition to vegetative modifications and alterations of the areas of exposed soil in the perimeter of Horto. The impacts affect each of the protected areas in different ways.

Less developed or developing areas face greater difficulties related to Solid Waste Management/GRS, especially in regions with limited public resources, such as small municipalities and the Eastern Cariri Region, which includes nine municipalities (Abaiara, Aurora, Barro, Brejo Santo, Jati, Mauriti, Milagres, Penaforte and Porteiras) with low population density and limited socioeconomic development. Based on this assumption, it is necessary to diagnose the current situation of GRS in these municipalities, in order to assist in the decision-making of the municipal public administration regarding the problem, as well as to propose improvements for the practice of Solid Waste Management and guide the planning of actions by the Public Consortium for Solid Waste Management of the Eastern Cariri Region. The objective of this study was to calculate the Updated Waste Management Condition Index (ICGRA) by applying the performance assessment of the nine municipalities that make up the Public Consortium for Solid Waste Management of the Cariri-Oriental Region/CORES – Cariri Oriental, as a diagnostic tool for solid waste management services to identify opportunities for service improvement. The data and information regarding the indicators were obtained by consulting official websites, academic literature, plans and studies relevant to the subject, consulting the CORES – Cariri-Oriental Consortium, contacting municipal managers and photographic records. After applying the data diagnosed using the ICGRA methodology, municipal management was classified as adequate or inadequate, according to the score achieved by each municipality.

Tourism has been presented as a social, cultural and economic phenomenon, can attribute social significance to cultural heritage, fosters a sense of belonging and historical continuity, also assuming the role of tourist attraction and becoming an important and fundamental resource for local communities and heritage conservation. In turn, cultural heritage comprises what is important to the history of a place and its residents, making it relevant to understand the need to preserve or even maintain this heritage so that it can be passed on to future generations. Cultural tourism, in particular, emerges as one of the sustainable development strategies, comprising a set of tourist activities related to experiencing significant elements of the historical and cultural heritage of a given place. The municipality of Icó, located in the Center-South region of the state of Ceará, has been receiving particular attention from the tourist segment for its material heritage of historical and cultural value, which has an architectural and urban complex listed as a Federal Instance since 1998. In this perspective, based on its material cultural heritage, built historically and withstanding time, the municipality of Icó has potential to promote the development of cultural tourism, demanding that this segment can be developed from the perspective of heritage sustainability. In this way, the objective of this study emerges, which consists of analyzing cultural tourism in the municipality of Icó/CE, with emphasis on the construction, resistance and sustainability of its material cultural heritage, as a way of promoting sustainable regional development. The methodology used to achieve this objective was due to the conversion of each specific objective into an interdependent research. The first article was built with a focus on the socioeconomic context of building, permanence and maintenance of the material cultural heritage of the municipality of Icó/CE, for sustainable regional development. The second article was prepared showing the realization of a diagnosis of cultural tourism in Icó, and the suggestion of an action plan to enhance this tourist segment, aiming to promote local sustainable development. It was possible to highlight the need for a more efficient strategic plan to encourage the development of tourist activity combined with cultural heritage, thus the urgent need to expand and seek improvements in spite of the potential of cultural tourism. Based on the results, the implementation of the BSC in the municipality can significantly contribute to the creation of a culture of measurement and evaluation of performance in the public service, expanding the vision regarding the actions and strategies of public management at the municipal and state levels for the effective public policies regarding tourist activity Thus, it was concluded that cultural tourism in the municipality of Icó, despite the challenges in some aspects, presents itself as a promising activity for sustainable development.

More and more diverse environmental liabilities are disposed of in a familiar way,
leading to contamination of soil, fauna, flora and water bodies. the waste
generated from the sewage treatment process cause severe damage to the environment
environment.. The present work intends to carry out an investigation of the feasibility of using the
sewage sludge from an existing UASB reactor in the Metropolitan Region of Cariri
(RMC), as an organic fertilizer in the cowpea culture (Vigna unguiculata (L.) (Walp.)),
indicating the potential agricultural use of sewage sludge. The sludge used in the research came from
from Três Marias village, ETE located in the Municipality of Juazeiro do Norte-CE. Two were used
types of soil, one belonging to an area where there was no type of exploitation,
such as fertilization or crop development (Soil 1) and another soil sample where
had previous preparation, such as the cultivation of agricultural crops, use of agricultural inputs and
railing (Soil 2). The physical-chemical characterization was carried out for Soil 1
(considering Moisture, Total Solids, Total Fixed Solids, Total Volatile Solids,
Organic Matter, Organic Carbon, pH, Nitrate, Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, Total Phosphorus,
Heavy Metals – Traces, Thermotolerant Coliforms, Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Eggs
viable Helminths), for the Soil 2 considered, Organic Matter, Carbon, Total Phosphorus,
Calcium, Sodium, Magnesium, Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium and pH. For the sewage sludge, the
agronomic potential (Organic Matter, Organic Carbon, pH, Nitrate, Total Nitrogen
Kjeldahl, Total Phosphorus, Calcium, Magnesium and Sodium), trace metals, microbiological agents
(Thermotolerant Coliforms, Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Viable Helminth Eggs) and
biosolid stability (Total Volatile Solids and . Total Solids).

Digital image processing methodologies can be applied to a wide range of
class of problems in computer vision. Among the applications, we can mention the
evaluation of the dynamics of water bodies from images. The monitoring and
prediction of volumes and flooded areas of water bodies are essential to issue
alerts from floods to water shortages. To predict the dynamics of the flooded area
of water bodies, this article proposes the use of time series models generated from
from multitemporal images. The water body investigated was Lake Kirwin (USA)
in the period from 2013 to 2022. The images of the lake were acquired in each period and
their flooded areas were estimated using the Otsu method. To describe
the temporal behavior of the Kirwin lake wetland, were investigated
autoregressive models integrated moving averages (ARIMA), autoregressive
integrated moving averages with seasonality (SARIMA), exponential smoothing
(ETS) and Holt-Winters. Among the models investigated to predict the dynamics of
flooded area of the water body, the Holt-Winters was the one that obtained the best
performance measures, with a forecast error of less than 6% in relation to the series
predicted. Its forecast suggests a scenario that for the 12 months following the series
under study there is a low possibility of an increase in the flooded area in the region
of Lake Kirwin.

Synthetic chemical insecticides are the main way to control Aedes aegypti. However, its use has several limitations, including environmental toxicity, risk to human health and selection of insecticide-resistant insect populations. Such factors favor the growing search for natural substances with insecticidal properties. This study evaluated the insecticidal activity of crude extracts of Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) seeds on eggs and larvae of A. aegypti and verified the phytochemical profile and the presence of lectins in the extract. E. has a wide geographic distribution in Brazil. Its seeds are known for their toxicity, medicinal properties and bioactive proteins, so the extraction of bioactive compounds was performed in 0.15 M NaCl saline solution, due to its ability to solubilize these molecules. To prepare the crude extract, twenty grams of the powder obtained from crushing the seeds were homogenized for 4 hours at 25º, in 200 mL of saline solution. A. aegypti eggs were obtained by capture with ovitrap-type traps. After hatching, the larvae were kept in a B.O.D. (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) with a temperature of 25±1°C, relative humidity of 70±10% and a 12-hour photophase. For tests with eggs and larvae of A. aegypti, the crude extract was used in raw form (Raw Crude Extract - RCE) and boiled (Boiled Crude Extract - BCE) at 100º C for 5 min. Concentrations of 4.68; 9.37; 18.75; 28.13; 37.13 and 46.89 mg/mL, with distilled water as a negative control. Assays were performed in triplicate. Larvicidal activity tests were performed in the B.O.D. The results were submitted to analysis of variance, Shapiro-Wilk Test, Tukey Test and Log-Probit analysis to determine CL50 and 90. The ECB presented better results on the eggs than the RCE, managing to prevent the hatching of the larvae of 81 .66% ± 10.40 of treated eggs, at a concentration of 46.89 mg/mL. Increased concentration improved the ECB's results against eggs. The respective LC50 and 90 were set at 35.95 and 52.67 mg/mL, respectively. In tests with larvae, concentrations of 46.89 and 37.13 mg/mL, for CER and BCE, caused 100% mortality in 24 hours of exposure. Increased concentration improved CER and ECB action. Larval mortality at other concentrations increased with increasing exposure time to 48 h. Concentration (p < 0.001) and time (p < 0.001) are significant factors for the larvicidal activity, as well as the interaction between time and concentration, which proved to be a significant factor for the larvicidal action of the extracts (p < 0.001) . Due to its better total efficiency (E = 72.77), RCE, with 48 h of exposure, is the most promising extract on larvae. 10.86 mg/mL of ROSC after 48 h of exposure is the lowest dose capable of killing 90% of the larvae (CL90). In RCE, the presence of lectins and secondary metabolites: flavonoids, xanthones and phenols, were detected. Lectins and flavonoids have proven action on insects. The results demonstrate the potential of E. contortisiliquum seed extracts in ovicidal and larvicidal action on A. aegypti.

Fire is a system process that has operated for millions of years and is recognized as a recurrent action. Resulting in fire regimes that have direct ecological effects and act as selective forces. Furthermore, these regimes are important at multiple levels of biological organization, influencing populations, communities and ecosystems. However, over the years, human action has altered this natural process of fire, thus enhancing climate effects, such as the emission of greenhouse gases, forest degradation, soil degradation and human health problems. In this sense, the present study analyzes the relationship between the occurrence of fires and climate variables in the APA of Chapada do Araripe in Ceará, using geospatial tools in the delimitation and characterization of areas with scars from fires according to the degree of severity, within a scenario of 20 years of analysis, between 2002-2021. According to the observed climatic variables, it is likely to establish a significant relationship between them and the gradual increase in hot spots in the APA region of Ceará, where the seasonal distribution of means directly favors the occurrence of fires (temperature and wind speed, El Niño), and inversely proportional (precipitation, relative humidity, La Niña). Mapping the degree of severity in the APA showed relevant results when associated with burning events recorded by the main means of information, where it was possible to visualize the extent of the area affected by the fire and demonstrate the scars left under the soil and how regeneration occurred over the years. following. Diversities in the predominant vegetative characteristics of the region highlight how much the relationship climate-fire and vegetation-fire play a fundamental role in the regime adopted by him. The importance of analyzing several variables together is highlighted, as well as the use of a broad time series that covers different climatic events.

The evaporation process of surface water reservoirs is considered a loss due to the significant volume of water that passes into the atmosphere, and it is important to measure such losses both in the project preparation phase and throughout the reservoir's operating period. The difficulty in obtaining evaporation values poses a major challenge for the management of water resources, especially in arid and semi-arid regions, such as the Lima Campos Reservoir, located in the municipality of Icó - CE, in the Salgado River sub-basin. . Statistical-computational tools emerge as great allies in the study, characterization and solution of practical problems in the area of water resources, mainly to optimize time and minimize errors. In this way, two theoretical methods of estimating evaporation were applied, using the Penman-Montheith (PM FAO-56) and Hargreaves evapotranspiration equations. The standard evaporation series used for comparison was the climatological normal, the same adopted by SAGREH - Support System for Water Resources Management. It was concluded that there was no significant difference between the evaporation series generated by the PM FAO-56 method and the normal climatological evaporation, however it was possible to see a greater sensitivity of the PM FAO-56 method to atypical climate changes. The Hargreaves method overestimated the values in relation to the climatological normal in most of the series.

The classification of land use and occupation allows for a more in-depth understanding of the spatial arrangements that make up the landscape, as well as the processes responsible for environmental transformations. Surveying land use and occupation is one of the most important tools when it comes to evaluating environmental transformations resulting from the degradation of soil, vegetation and water bodies. In this sense, the objective was to map and evaluate the different uses and occupations of soil in the Salamanca River micro-basin, in order to diagnose the level of environmental degradation in the micro-basin over 35 years (1985-2020). The work carried out constituted an analysis of land use and occupation in the Salamanca River micro-basin, in the municipality of Barbalha-CE. For this, images of land use and occupation in the municipality of Barbalha were used, obtained through the MapBiomas platform database (https://mapbiomas.org) through extraction from Landsat 5 satellites for the years 1985. to 2010 and Landsat 8 for the years 2015 to 2020, with a spatial resolution of 30 meters. The results found demonstrate that the process of degradation, especially deforestation, has been present year after year, even if subtly, little by little the natural landscapes are giving way to an environment in which man constantly changes.

Microcredit facilitates access to credit, contributing to socioeconomic advancement. It deals with public policy to generate work and income through the granting of credit with an entrepreneurial and educational orientation, promotes financial inclusion, positively impacts the well-being of families, favors overcoming the poverty line and, consequently, Sustainable Development. The target audience for microcredit is the most vulnerable class, which would not have access to the financial system under traditional market conditions. Controlling and predicting default in microcredit contracts is challenging. In this work, mathematical models were developed to predict the default rate in Oriented Productive Microcredit programs, exploring the resources of algorithms based on formalisms of Linear Regression, Principal Component Analysis (ACP), Cross Validation, trained from the available ratios in the microfinance reports of Banco do Nordeste do Brasil S/A (BNB) for the period 2012 to 2021, accessible to the general public. The studied variables were resized using PCA among the selected Main Components (PC). Models have 92.2% of explained variance for Agroamigo and 73.6% for Crediamigo, highlighting the quality of the components identified as the most important. The best performing models, according to measures such as MAE, RMSE and R2, present an accuracy of 0.985545% for Agroamigo and 0.833085% for Crediamigo, thus offering a comprehensive understanding of the reasons behind the forecasts to assist in better decision processes regarding the granting of microcredit.

The man-nature relationship and the concern with the availability of natural resources, especially water, is present in the most important world conferences on the environment, being included in the 2030 Agenda as part of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals that aim at actions that guarantee water quality, protection and restoration of aquatic systems, as well as the areas that house these resources, for the sustainability of water on the planet and protection of biodiversity. In this sense, the sources of the humid forest of Chapada do Araripe-CE have great relevance for the guarantee of the local environmental, social and economic development, therefore, being equally important for the protection of the biodiversity of the aquatic fauna. From this perspective, this research has as main objective to carry out a faunal survey of aquatic macroinvertebrates and to evaluate the environmental quality of the area and waters of the sources, with the hexapods and aquatic mites of the humid forest, thus contributing to the Agenda 2030. The sampling was carried out in nine sources, between the months of January and April 2020. The vegetation, gravels, sediments and debris collected from the sources were passed through a granulometric sieve of 30 cm in diameter and mesh with pores of 0.25 mm, being the sampling effort 10 min at 10 m away from the source and 10 min at the point where the water is born. The material was placed in an 80 mL container with 70% alcohol. Invertebrates were extracted from the sample using the Kero-float extraction method (kerosene flotation). Screening was performed under a stereoscopic microscope. The faunal analysis of the families of aquatic macroinvertebrates collected was carried out using indices of abundance, relative abundance, frequency and richness. The environmental quality of the surroundings of the area was evaluated by the Environmental Impact of Springs Index (IIAN) and the quality of the waters of the sources was evaluated from the Biological Monitoring Working Party (BMWP) index. Statistical analyzes were performed with the R software. With the study we demonstrated that there is a certain diversity of hexapod families in the evaluated springs that favors their use in studies on water quality. The IIAN indicated sources with a degree of protection: "Excellent" (3); "Good" (2); and "Reasonable" (4). The BMWP index indicated "Good" water quality for the Valentim I and Valentim de Cima sources; "Acceptable" for Tremedor; "Doubtful" for Batateiras de Baixo, Coqueiro I, Pending, Saco e Saquinho I; and "Criticism for Batateiras de Cima". The occurrence of Hydracarinas of the morphospecies Hydryphantidae sp.1, Hydryphantidae sp.2, Limnesiidae sp. and Mideopsis sp., which represents the first records of mites for the sources of the phytoecological unit of the humid forest, in Chapada do Araripe, Ceará, Northeast of Brazil and of the species Rhynchohydracarus dividuus, which is the first record of occurrence of this species for the Brazil. Considering that this resource is a topic of interest in all dimensions of Sustainable Development (social, cultural, environmental, territorial, economic and political) and essential for the survival of present and future generations, it is essential to implement mitigating, recovery and , protection and preservation of these resources and their area, thus ensuring the maintenance of biodiversity and local development.

TThe semi-arid region of Brazil is heavily punished by recurrent droughts, with a large part of its soils with crystalline basement, which confers inferior quality to its subsoil waters. The use of irrigation in this region is not always feasible, due to limited water quantity or poor water quality and shallow soil conditions. Hydroponics, however, has no soil restriction and crops grown under hydroponic cultivation are more salinity tolerant, which allows for the use of more saline or brackish waters. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the performance of Crespa lettuce under different salinity levels of the solution (1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5 dS m-1) in a hydroponic system NFT (Nutrient Film Technique) automated and alternative, and thus, verify to what level of salinity it is possible to economically explore this culture with saline or brackish waters. Three benches B1, B2 and B3 were built, divided into blocks BL1, BL2, BL3, BL4, BL5 with 5 treatments (A, B, C, D and E) and 4 repetitions, in a factorial scheme of 5 x 5 x 4 For the research, an automated system for irrigation was developed using Arduino and temperature and humidity sensors. Climatic data (Air Temperature and Humidity), physicochemical data of the nutrient solution water (EC, pH and Temperature), morphological data of the plant (Number of leaves, Stem diameter, Total fresh mass, Fresh mass of leaves and Fresh mass of roots). The germination of lettuce cv. Moana was 89.53%. The control of pH and EC is essential for the production of seedlings and plant growth in hydroponic cultivation, since they indicate the availability and amount of nutrients. The energy consumption proves to be lower than the system of fixed intervals. As for salinity, there was a significant difference at the level of 5% of probability for fresh leaf mass and total fresh mass between treatments, where the levels of 1.5 and 2.0 ds m-1 presented higher averages. It was concluded that the proposed automation system is a viable alternative, the alternative structure used was adequate, and that the lettuce for the conditions of the experiment does not present development at levels higher than 2.0 dS m-1.

The entry of pollutants into aquatic systems causes the degradation of rivers, lakes and coastal areas, reducing the availability of good quality water and increasing costs for later use. High concentrations of phosphorus in water are capable of upsetting the ecological balance, deteriorating water quality and raising issues from eutrophication to the intelligent and sustainable use of this resource in human activities. Therefore, the objective of this work was to study the adsorptive capacity of pequi peel ash and its efficiency in the removal of phosphorus from aqueous solutions, determine the ideal conditions for such a process, stipulate the parameters of kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics of the process. The pequi of the species Caryocar coriaceum WITTM is a fruit widely found in the region of Cariri, Ceará, Brazil. The pequi extractivism generates a large amount of waste, especially the fruit peels that do not have a specific destination. Therefore, these peels were used as raw material for the production of the bioadsorbent used in this study. The pequi bark ash was produced at 500°C in an oxidative atmosphere. Analysis by energy dispersive spectroscopy confirmed the adsorption of phosphorus by the ash, with an increase of phosphorus in the ash composition from 1.5% to 3.7% after the adsorption process. In addition, it was also possible to confirm that the pequi peel in natura is not able to adsorb phosphorus from aqueous solutions. The x-ray fluorescence analysis, in addition to confirming the adsorption of phosphorus in the same proportions of energy dispersive spectroscopy, showed the composition of the oxides present in the pequi peel ash, the main oxides being: SiO2 (17.59%), CaO (13.41%), K2O (4.79%), MgO (2.94%), P2O5 (1.98%), SO3 (1.16%), Fe2O3 (0.82%), Al2O3 ( 0.73%) and MnO (0.20%). The analysis of the ash after the adsorption process by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed the formation of new bonds and an increase in the intensity of existing bonds even before the adsorption process, indicating chemical adsorption (chemisorption). The thermogravimetric analysis indicated that there are four mass loss events in the production of ash, with the highest mass loss (41.44%) in the last event at temperatures above 400 °C. The first mass loss has an endothermic character, while the following three have an exothermic character (related to the oxidation of the material). The residual mass after thermogravimetric analysis was 8.8%. The study of the zero load point (pHPCZ) showed that the pequi peel ash has a pHPCZ = 9.8. For the study of adsorption kinetics, the pseudo-second order model was the best suited to the process at a concentration of 100 mg L-1 of phosphorus, presenting an adsorption capacity at equilibrium of approximately 19.80 mg g-1 . The Elovich kinetic model was the one that best fitted the process at concentrations of 150-200 mg L-1 of phosphorus, presenting very low desorption constants for both concentrations (< 1 mg g-1), evidencing chemisorption. For the equilibrium study, the monolayer Jovanovic isotherm model was the best suited to temperatures of 10-20°C, with maximum adsorption capacities of 67.99-55.21 mg g-1, respectively. The Langmuir isotherm model was the one that best fitted the process at a temperature of 30 °C, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 48.64 mg g-1. The highest removal efficiency was 98.88% at 30 °C for a phosphorus concentration of 100 mg L-1, the maximum experimental phosphorus adsorption capacity was approximately 71.08 mg g-1. Thermodynamic studies indicate that the process of phosphorus adsorption by pequi peel ash is a spontaneous and favorable process, exothermic and with structural changes. Therefore, pequi bark ash has the potential to be used as an excellent bioadsorbent for phosphorus removal from aqueous solutions.

In Brazil, waste tire management is based on Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR), giving producers and importers the responsibility for their correct disposal. Under Brazilian legislation, responsibility is also shared between municipalities, users and other stakeholders involved in the Reverse Logistics (LR) of the material. Thus, waste tires are directed to treatment systems, transforming them into reprocessed raw material or forwarding them to energy use, characterizing the economic circularity of the material. Given the above, this dissertation addresses how the management of waste tires is inserted in a context of Circular Economy, with the objective of contributing to the management of pneumatic waste developed throughout Brazil. Therefore, through bibliographic research and document analysis, an inventory of the quantity of waste tires that have already been correctly disposed of in a national and state stratification was first elaborated, presenting the usual legislation and the management method used for such waste. In a second moment, exploratory, bibliographical and documentary research was carried out, elaborating a case study that describes the management of waste tires performed at the municipal and local level in the metropolitan region of Cariri Cearense. Finally, a systematic review of the literature and analysis of secondary data were carried out, in order to know the treatment technologies applied to waste tires described in the literature, and the sustainable actions carried out by tire manufacturing companies installed in the national territory. As a result, it is understood that tire waste must be treated following the hierarchy of the 12R's (Redesign, Renew, Refuse, Reduce, Resell/Reuse, Repair, Recondition, Remanufacture, Reuse, Recycle, Recover and Remove), however the research indicates that recycling and reuse are prioritized treatment options. The study points out that the Circular Economy (EC) for waste tires is widely defended and promotes Sustainability, resulting in benefits such as: source of reprocessed raw material; minimizes negative impacts; generates employment and income; economically values sustainable products; promotes social awareness, the quality of the natural environment; encourages shared responsibility; promotes the implementation of an integrated and participatory management; slows down and closes production cycles; and maximizes the functional utility of materials and energy.

Springs are natural elements of great importance for the hydrological cycle and for the maintenance of ecosystems. The potential of springs transcends the natural field, due to to its decisive role in human development and maintenance of the quality of local life, needing to be protected in a specific way, through legislation and action of the local population. The realization of this research was motivated by the number of springs present in the municipality of Crato, due to the need for protection and preservation, due to the importance of these for local development and the potential of the springs to boost the sustainable regional development of the municipality of Crato and the region of Cariri. At the moment the municipality of Crato has 93 springs in its territory, playing an important role essential for the development of the local population. The problem listed in this work sums up in what is the panorama of the legislation of the municipality of Crato applied to its sources and what is the impact of internal legal strengthening to achieve regional development sustainable? The main objective of this study is to analyze the environmental legislation associated with sources of the city of Crato (RMCariri, Ceará), verifying the historical construction, the current diagnosis and the future perspective of the environmental protection of its waters for the regional development based on participatory management. This is a search bibliographical, theoretical, documentary, with qualitative method and data analysis of the type exploratory, the first article was dedicated to the documentary analysis of the minutes of the meetings of the of the Salgado River Sub-basin, and the second article carried out an analysis of the legislation applied to springs at the federal, state and municipal levels. While main results of this study are the fragility of the laws for the protection of springs, the incentive still quite the participatory management of water resources is symbolic, in its exercise in harmony with the local public bodies, and, finally, the need to develop public policies with sustainable strategies for the protection of springs and incentives for this protection through public policies and partnerships with state institutions. This panorama suggests to the municipality of Crato to an internal legal restructuring, in water environmental matters, to reach the sustainable regional development.

The Northeast was one of the three largest cotton producing regions in Brazil, but the occurrence of the long drought of 1979-1983, scrapping of technical assistance and rural extension, and the occurrence of the cotton boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis, in plantations, added the opening of imports in the early 1990s, took the culture into a deep crisis. Initiatives have been developed to reintroduce cotton cultivation in the Brazilian semi-arid region, especially with regard to the management of the boll weevil. The use of insecticides emerged as a solution for pest control and gained strength through the discourse of efficiency with speed and practicality, becoming a widely adhered practice in agriculture, however studies were noting its harm, although not enough to reduce uses, show the need to seek really effective solutions, capable of reaching the farmer and thus contributing to ensuring agricultural productivity by reducing negative externalities. The theory of trophobiosis, based on organic farming, argues that a nutritionally unbalanced plant will be more susceptible to attack by pests and chemical products such as pesticides tend to promote this imbalance. Based on this premise, we sought to evaluate the use of organic farming techniques in cotton as a way of protecting against insect pests. To this end, three experiments were carried out at the Embrapa Experimental Station in Barbalha-CE between the period 2019 to 2020, under different cultivation conditions: irrigated, rainfed and greenhouse systems. The nitrogen-fixing bacterium Azospirillum brasilense, the fungus Beauveria bassiana and biochar in cotton were evaluated, analyzing the ability of these agents to improve crop nutrition, to express resistance to insect pests. The variables used as indicators were infestation of insect pests in the field and emergence of A. grandis in the field, as well as in the laboratory. The data obtained were submitted to analysis of variance and, when significant, the means were compared using the Scott-knott test. In the irrigated system, the presence of the insect pest A. gossyipii was identified, concluding that it was influenced by the phenological period of the crop and its natural enemies, but not by the sources of nutrition. In the rainfed area, identifying the presence of A. grandis, it was noticed that the treatments Azospirillum brasilense and Beauveria bassiana reduced the incidence of A. grandis. Under greenhouse conditions, it was found that BRS Araçá cotton plants treated with the bacterium Azospirillum brasilense had a lower occurrence of Anthonomus grandis oviposition. Studies of technologies that seek possibilities of viable agricultural production combined with environmental and social principles are essential for sustainable agriculture.

The detection of phenomena on the earth's surface is an important and necessary work, especially when dealing with large-scale phenomena such as oil slicks at sea and deforestation in large-scale forests. However, monitoring these phenomena through optical satellite images brings with it complications in terms of continuity in the generation of images. The Synthetic Aperture Radar, however, presents itself as ideal for monitoring the Earth's surface in a reliable, continuous and global way, since it allows the generation of images with its own light source and with higher resolution than conventional optical systems, in addition to enable its operation regardless of weather conditions. However, the difficulty of working with these images is centered on the interpretation of the imaged data, requiring processing to extract information. This is due to the presence of a stochastic noise that significantly degrades the image. Thus, the use of probability distributions are of fundamental importance in the modeling of these data. In this dissertation, we present a stochastic similarity measure for SAR images that expresses significant gains in terms of information and classification of SAR images, which can be used to monitor, quantify and classify natural disasters on the earth's surface, such as oil spills at high sea, evolution of deforestation of forests, pollution of rivers and lakes.

The COVID-19 pandemic was caused by the spread of SARS-CoV-2, a coronavirus that is transmitted between humans, primarily by inhalation of aerosols or ingestion of droplets, but also via the fecal-oral route or contact with contaminated surfaces. The disease has affected the world population not only with regard to health, but also socioeconomic and political aspects. Even with protective measures, the virus was not contained, causing deaths and other illnesses that were not directly caused by SARS-CoV-2. Although it can affect any human being, studies show that some infectious diseases disproportionately affect the poorest people and that there is a relationship between socioeconomic inequalities and the health of the population. In addition, the interactions between social and biological processes, where health problems interact with each other, and adverse social conditions exacerbate the effects on health, make COVID-19 characterized as a syndemic rather than a disease. pandemic. In view of this, this research assesses whether there is a correlation between socioeconomic and demographic indicators with the worsening of COVID-19 in different regions of Brazil. For this purpose, a descriptive statistical analysis and analysis of complex networks were performed between the number of cases of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, deaths and patient characteristics, such as sex, race, age, risk factor and education, and socioeconomic and demographic indicators. The results of the analyzes showed the different ways that COVID-19 reached the most vulnerable populations, dealing with the specificities of each region of the country, and that the variables with the greatest importance in the system were the Social Vulnerability Index, the Gini Index and the Density of Residents by Household Room. Such results may contribute to the adoption of public policies capable of reducing the spread of COVID-19, in addition to preventing outbreaks of other viruses.

The occurrences of erosive processes, due to the misuse and occupation of the soil, are considered one of the most worrying environmental problems currently faced. In Conservation Units, the occurrence of these processes entails risks to the quantitative and qualitative stability of an entire system, especially water and soil. In this context, the drainage area of Lagoa dos Macacos, located in an Integral Protection Conservation Unit, the Municipal Natural Park of Timbaúbas, in Juazeiro do Norte - CE, has presented several erosive processes. Associated with this fact, the aforementioned Park receives daily releases of gray water from rainwater galleries. That said, this research aims to evaluate the influence of gray water release on the erosive process at the edge of Lagoa dos Macacos and, consequently, on the water quality of this lagoon. To evaluate the water quality, the parameters pH, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, total solids, suspended solids, dissolved solids and sedimentable solids were determined. The soil, in turn, was evaluated through the analysis of pH, electrical conductivity, total organic carbon, labile carbon and soluble carbon. Soil erodibility was determined through granulometry, liquidity limit, plasticity limit, real grain density, rapid dispersion, disaggregation test and aggregate stability. Statistical analysis of the physical-chemical data of water and soil was performed using descriptive statistics and the Kruskal Wallis test, using the Excel 2019 and BioEstat 5.3 programs, in that order. The R Studio software was used for the elaboration of box plot graphs. From the results obtained, it was verified that, despite the gray waters having altered the content of organic matter in the pond's edge area, the mechanical characteristics of the soil, evaluated in this research, were not altered. However, due to the also direct supply of gray water to the lagoon, associated with the transport of soil particles eroded during surface runoff, it was found that the water quality conditions of the researched lagoon do not meet the requirements established by Resolution No. 357 of CONAMA, for Class 1 water bodies. In view of these results, it is inferred that it is necessary for the managing body of this Conservation Unit to prepare its Management Plan and enforce, among others, the actions aimed at meeting the mandatory objective of this unit, which is to preserve natural ecosystems and their ecologically relevant physical and biological elements, for the guarantee and maintenance of ecosystem services, among which, the contribution to water supply and soil regulation stand out .

The Brazilian Magna Carta of 1988 brings in its normative framework the recognition and guarantee of Cultural Rights, as well as the north of its systematization and achievement, in the form of public policies for Brazil, its states and municipalities. The municipality of Juazeiro do Norte, emancipated since July 22, 1911, a member of the Metropolitan Region of Cariri - RMC, in the State of Ceará - CE, has a Municipal Secretariat of Culture - SECULT, a spatial area in which the study was promoted. The aforementioned body is part of the organizational structure of the competent municipality to propose, plan and carry out public cultural policies, in addition to ordering municipal expenses that finance the culture sector. In this sense, the main objective of the study is to undertake an analysis of municipal public funding related to the culture sector, between the years 2018 and 2021, in a previous period of time and during the Covid-19 pandemic, considering, for this, the examination carrying out cultural public policies implemented by municipal governments, through municipal funding, taking into account popular participation and the sustainability promoted by these actions and projects. From a methodological point of view, the research was developed from a theoretical framework based on the concepts of cultural public policy, public funding, popular participation and sustainability. Still in this context, the work was carried out based on a documentary study. Finally, it was observed that the municipality experienced advances in the financing of cultural policies, but only from the pandemic period onwards did popular participation effectively occur in terms of municipal financing. With all of the above, a paradigm shift is seen as necessary in terms of norms and management, so that there is a linkage of resources to the cultural sector, decisive participation of art and culture workers, through the proposition and deliberation of state policies that continue autonomously and also legitimately, representing the diversity that exists and resists in Juazeiro do Norte.

One of the major environmental problems of today
in urban areas it is still the inadequate final destination of solid waste. the landfills
controlled areas still continue to be a strong source of soil and water pollution,
especially the superficial ones. The present work sought to evaluate the impact of the landfill
controlled from Juazeiro do Norte – CE in the water quality of water bodies
existing in its area of direct influence. The COD parameters were verified,
OD, ST, EC, pH and T. From the physical-chemical analyzes it was observed that the
parameters that measure water pollution such as COD and OD indicate the compromised
of the water quality of the internal lagoon, with the OD well below the values
established by CONAMA 357/05, while the water from the lagoon outside the area of
waste disposal has a better quality when compared to ponds
of the area inside the embankment. Thus indicating that the controlled landfill impacts the water
surfaces in its waste disposal area. In Brazil, even with the
determination of the closure of landfills by law 12.305/2010, which sanctioned the
National Solid Waste Policy, there are serious issues involving aspects
socioeconomic and environmental factors that make such closure difficult. In Juazeiro do Norte -
EC, for example, since 2018, there has been an Area Recovery Plan
Degraded (PRAD) for the area of the old landfill. Among the measures aimed at
evaluation of the effectiveness of the performance of interventions adopted for the recovery of
This area is for monitoring the quality of surface water. However, beyond
this measure was only carried out in 2018, no more complete study has been
carried out, nor proposed in the PRAD, to assess the socioeconomic conditions and
demographic characteristics of the population living around the landfill area and waste pickers.
recyclable waste. In this context, this research aimed to evaluate the
socio-environmental degradation of the area of direct influence of the old dump in Juazeiro do
North - EC. For this, hypsometry and flow direction maps were elaborated.
superficial areas of the area, physical-chemical analyzes were performed (COD, OD, SD, pH, EC and T)
in water samples collected in natural and manure lakes, located in the area of the
landfill and its surroundings, and soil samples were collected from the said dump for analysis

of the TOC, C-labile, CSA, pH and EC parameters. For the statistical treatment of data
obtained from the analyzes of water and soil samples, the PAST software was used.
Forms containing questions related to the situation were also applied
socioeconomic and work of recyclable waste pickers, and on issues
social, health and well-being of residents adjacent to the landfill area. Starting from
obtained results it was found that, in the dry season, the average values of
COD in the leachate pond and in the natural pond inside the dump were characteristic of
manure, with concentrations of 3,383mg/L and 1754.67 mg/L, respectively,
while at the end of the rainy season, due to the dilution effect, the COD values
significantly reduced (120 mg/L, manure pond and 42 mg/L, natural pond).
Non-compliance of OD values with Resolution 357/2005 was also verified
from CONAMA, for class 2 water bodies. Finally, it was verified that the quality of the
soil, the health and quality of life of the population in the studied area were also
heavily affected by the landfill. Another group that also felt the harmful effects of
landfill were the collectors, who worked in subhuman conditions, exposed to
various risks and exhausting working hours. This group of workers had
their conditions worsened with the arrival of the Covid-19 pandemic, since
it affected his income and his mental health.

The determination of MPS in estuarine waters comprises valuable information, since it this geochemical fraction has a high capacity to adsorb pollutants. Main objective of this research was to quantify the flows of Cadmium (Cd), Cobalt (Co), Lead (Pb), Zinc (Zn),, and Ferro (Fe) associated with MPS in the waters of the Parnaíba Delta estuarine system under prolonged drought condition. A sampling campaign carried out at low tide quadrature (September 2019) included a spatial (Langrangean) and temporal evaluation (Eureliana) in tidal cycle (ebb / flow). The parameters pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), oxygen saturation (% OD), temperature (T), salinity (PSU) and electrical conductivity (Ec) were determined in situ with portable multisort. In the laboratory, concentration of MPS by gravimetry and the trace metals associated with it, for flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Multivaried chemometric analyzes (PCA and HCA) were used to infer the origin and behavior of trace metals and the interrelationships with physical-chemical parameters. From the flow calculation, it was proposed a mass balance aiming to estimate the net discharges of MPS and trace metals between the estuary and the adjacent coast. The hydrochemical parameters were found to be similar for the two tide regimes analyzed, with pH, OD, Ec and S values, with an upward trend following the fluvial-marine gradient. The mean values of MPS ranged between 0.01 and 0.71 mg / L for the flood tide and 0.02 and 0.81 mg / L for the ebb tide, presenting values lower than those reported for tropical estuaries on the Brazilian northeast coast. Iron was the most detected metal in the campaign with average concentrations ranging from 0.74 to 30.89 mg / kg in the flood tide and 0.85 to 33.52 mg / kg in the ebb tide, presenting concentrations higher at the points closest to the mouth of the river, especially at Point 3. The balance sheet estimates showed that the estuary of the Parnaíba River retains both the levels of MPS (104.9 ton / day) and trace metals Cd (5.55 g / day), Co (4.74 g / day), Pb (0.27 kg / day), Zn (2.10 kg / day), Fe (4.03 kg / day), thus serving as a material drain.

The relationship between human beings with the environment and the economy is conflicting, resulting from anthropocentrism, in which humans believe to be superior to any other species and therefore end up using natural resources in a reified way, and especially non-human animals, as a form of objectification and not as sentient beings. It is necessary to think of a new way of living in society, integrating nature and culture, considering all beings on the planet. This new world can be seen in veganism; therefore, this research will focus on veganism and how it can impact the improvement of the environment. Thus, the general objective will identify the role of veganism from the perspective of the paradigm of Good Living, inspired by the Andean peoples and sustainability, understood in its various dimensions. For this, it will discuss the following theoretical bases: the principles of the Good Life and sustainability, highlighting the ethical-political proposal of veganism, discussing the effects on the environment and the relationship between humans and animals. In view of the above, it is of interest to investigate how Veganism can act to improve the environment, collaborating with the practices of the Good Life, in search of environmental sustainability? The methodology of the study's approach is descriptive and qualitative. For the development of the project, primary data will be collected through semi-structured interviews online, with members of social network groups with the theme veganism, veganism and sustainability, and secondary data from bibliographic and documentary research. As a result, it was found that the participants understand that veganism goes beyond animal suffering. It was possible to notice, according to the answers, that the vegan lifestyle brings benefits to the planet by causing a more sustainable thought, even if indirectly, since putting an end to animal suffering is the direct way presented by veganism

Photovoltaic solar energy has provided the world with an option that is not only economical, but also sustainable in relation to energy consumption. Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) play a crucial role in this regard, as much more than educational institutions, they directly contribute to the formation of critical thinking and to the dissemination of sustainability. In this context, this research started from a global scenario until reaching the regional scenario. First, through a quali-quantitative approach and performing a systematic review of the literature of national and international publications, this research identified the barriers faced by HEIs regarding the use of photovoltaic solar energy, showing that the academy even lacks training for expand the knowledge of the faculty to the topic at hand, but also highlighted the advantages perceived by these HEIs. An exploratory research was also carried out, through a case study based on secondary data, which will fundamentally serve as a foundation for future HEIs to adopt the use of photovoltaic solar energy in the Metropolitan Region of Cariri (RMC). Finally, through a bibliographic and documentary research, the current panorama of the use of photovoltaic solar energy in the RMC HEIs was outlined, a gap that has been unexplored so far, showing that less than 25% of the HEIs adopt this practice, denoting an opportunity immense for the sustainability experience, given the existing potential. From the results obtained, it appears that for a long time it is not only the economic benefits that make solar energy attractive, but also the benefits provided to the social and environmental dimension.

The research presents the financing of the Federal University of Cariri (UFCA) in the light of Sustainable Development, based on the Brazilian Constitutions, public policies for higher education and the current context of reducing public funds for the development and continuity of the attributions of Public Universities Federal Governments in the realization of the fundamental right to public education. The work begins with the identification of constitutional guidelines on the terms education and financing, from the Imperial Constitution of 1824 to the arrival of the Citizen Constitution of 1988. It is followed by the presentation of the main Brazilian public policies for financing higher education. And finally, investigating the process of allocation to the financing of the Federal University of Cariri, in view of the successive cuts and restrictions on funds, and how the UFCA aligns its activities with support for Sustainable Development. To achieve these goals, three main axes were built: education and financing from a constitutional point of view, public policies for financing higher education, and financing and sustainable development within the scope of the Federal University of Cariri. This is a case study, with a predominantly qualitative approach, based on the survey of bibliographic and documental information and the application of questionnaires to managers who are directly related to the application of funds in the Institution. Discursive textual analysis and three forms of analysis in the Iramuteq software were used in the treatment of information: Descending Hierarchical Classification, Similarity Analysis and Word Cloud. Initially, the sample totaled nine participants, of which only two accepted the invitation. The questionnaires were applied between the months of May and July of 2021. The research reinforced the current discourse on the difficulties faced by Public Universities in Brazil, demonstrating that the cuts and restrictions of funds affect the development of educational institutions, the community local, science and indisputably the progress of teaching, research and extension activities. Thus, it is essential to implement regionalized public policies integrated to local needs, as well as the expansion of public funds. UFCA promotes a strong link between students, the community and the sustainable development of the Cariri region, emphasizing that it includes in its structure and actions the sustainable parameters, so rooted in this University.

The State has the role of guaranteeing the individual's well-being. However, people with disabilities lived excluded from this environment. However, in Brazil, the training of teachers to teach the Brazilian Sign Language (Libras) has contributed to the inclusion of these people. In this sense, the study aimed to analyze the process of implementation of the Literature/Libras course at the Federal University of Cariri (UFCA) and its impact as a mechanism for promoting the rights of people with hearing loss/deafness. Conducting a qualitative and quantitative descriptive study, as well as analysis of the political-pedagogical project of the course (PPC) and the application of semi-open questionnaires. From the PPC, the content was categorized, extracting the objective of the course, the methodology and the motivation for the implementation of the course. In addition, the implementation of the course took place with the aim of strengthening linguistically and culturally the deaf community in Cariri and Ceará, whose act had the collaboration of deaf representative entities. On the other hand, from the questionnaires applied, 61.36% of the students pointed to the positive impacts of the aforementioned implementation, notably for the visibility of the community and the deaf culture. In fact, 81.81% believe that there will be an increase in the offer of professionals qualified to teach Libras, which was corroborated by 42.85% of the servers. In this way, from the insertion of the deaf in the educational context, it will allow the performance of their competences in social life, as well as allowing the realization of the deaf person's rights, including the full exercise of freedom and access to education .

The university is characterized as an important space for the production, accumulation and dissemination of multiple knowledge, based on three inseparable pillars, namely: teaching, research and extension. It is noteworthy that within the scope of the Federal University of Cariri (UFCA) culture is inserted as the fourth pillar. The university extension promotes the sharing of knowledge, which, guided by a dialogic action, involves the university and the community in an action that articulates scientific knowledge, derived from theoretical teaching, and which, conducted by research, acts on the needs of the community, enabling the university the ability to promote the transformation of the social reality in which it operates. The inseparability between the pillars of the university, when well articulated, promote changes in the teaching and learning process, as well as didactic and pedagogically underpinning professional training, so that students and teachers effectively constitute subjects involved in the act of learning, teaching and train professionals and citizens. In this context, sustainable development presents itself as a guiding element that enables structural changes in current social, environmental, economic, political and cultural patterns. Furthermore, this research aims to analyze the effects of extension practices developed by UFCA in promoting Sustainable Development (SD) in the Metropolitan Region of Cariri (RM Cariri), from the perspective of the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations (UN) . Therefore, the following specific objectives were listed: a) to reflect on the theoretical-practical relationship between university extension and sustainable regional development; b) understand the perspective of university extension undertaken by UFCA from its institutional documents; c) identify the relationship between the extension practices developed by UFCA and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations (UN). The methodological approach that guides the development of this research is guided by a case study with a descriptive approach and documental analysis based on a qualitative interpretation of the results. Furthermore, the study identified that in the context of UFCA, development is presented as a guiding element of its institutional actions, being present in its mission, vision and values, and also in institutional documents and resolutions, namely: Statutes, Institutional Development Plan (PDI), Institutional Strategic Planning (PEI), Sustainability Management Policy (PGS), Regulation of Extension Actions. Since 2018, through the implementation of the policy and sustainability, UFCA has established criteria for the prioritization and evaluation of extension projects and programs, thus, from 2019 onwards, the DS was inserted as a guideline in which it is responsible for the approval of programs and projects extension registered with PROEX. In the same year, UFCA became part of the United Nations Academic Impact (UNAI) supporting an action that prioritizes the development of actions aimed at fulfilling the SDGs. In addition, the mapping of activities registered in PROEX identified: 41 actions in 2015, 83 actions in 2016, 78 actions in 2017, 105 actions in 2018, 94 actions in 2019 and 138 actions in 2020. These include programs, projects, courses , events and service provision, distributed in 08 (eight) thematic areas, namely: communication, culture, human rights and justice, education, environment, technology and production, work and health, and involve 03 (three) modalities, being these: Student Protagonism (PROPE), Teaching and Extension Program (PEEX) and wide competition. There is also a greater quantity of actions linked to the areas of health, education and environment, which meet the ODS-2, ODS-3, ODS-4, ODS6, ODS-8, ODS-11.

The need to give visibility to the identity mobilization processes that occur in the face of regional development processes, urged us to investigate this phenomenon in the Metropolitan Region of Cariri - RMC, in the south of Ceará. In the last ten years, these facts have been expanding and occurring in parallel: on the one hand there is the creation of the RMC and its development projects and on the other hand the processes of ethnic self-identification occurring, above all, with the Cariri of Dantas Well - Umari, in Crato. Thus, this research sought to identify the potential of the identity processes underway in the Cariri community of Poço Dantas - Umari in the face of the development of the Cariri region of Ceará. For that, a documental and bibliographic analysis was carried out in several sources available on the internet. It was observed that the development projects for this region, especially the Canal das Águas do Ceará, violated important rights of the Cariri people of Poço Dantas Umari. Made possible by the State, this project irreversibly changed the life of this village and brought great impacts to the environment. Despite these facts, there is an ongoing process of identity mobilization, this people, through numerous actions, has established itself politically (and definitively) in the scenario of the Brazilian indigenous movement and has claimed rights before the Brazilian State, notably before FUNAI. Add to this the fact that Nature for the Cariri people has another meaning, opposite to the meanings given by the Market and in times where we see before our eyes the fateful consequences of climate change, this biophilic and biocentric consciousness is a treasure guarded by time. By situating this scenario from the perspective of environmental challenges, the permanence of the ways of life of the Kariri, who keep a deep reverence for the Chapada do Araripe, will guarantee the permanence of this place. It is necessary to understand the sense of simultaneous protection in this relationship.

The impact of the agricultural sector on the Brazilian economy is indisputable, since it has been preventing negative results in the trade balance annually, due to the excellent performance in exports. Thus, aiming at the importance of dairy activity in the agricultural chain, especially in the Northeast of Brazil, the present study proposes an overview of cattle ranching in the state of Ceará regarding the sustainability involved in this activity within the state and its productive potential. This diagnosis was achieved through the construction of maps and indicators related to the environmental, socioeconomic and institutional dimensions. Environmental capacity was determined by climate, relief, vegetation index, land use and occupation, rainfall, among others. In view of the inherence of the economic and social dimensions, these were analyzed by the socioeconomic aspect, based on data indicating the capacity to generate income for municipalities and producers and the maintenance of men in the countryside. In turn, the institutional view was evaluated based on the actions taken by the state in order to encourage the activity, such as investments in Pronaf and availability of free Rural Technical Assistance. For this, GIS resources and mathematical models capable of generating maps that demonstrate these factors were used, as well as statistics, graphs and the verbal description of this mapping. Spatialization allowed a more dynamic and clear analysis of the nuances present between each region. The study showed a reduced fraction of areas with good aptitude for agriculture in the regions of the main dairy basins in the state. It is possible to observe a great inconsistency in the agriculture of Ceará in not recognizing in the localities within its territory the real aptitude and agrarian capacity. In some situations, it takes place where there is no sustainable relationship between the environment and the activity developed and regions with greater productive potential are ignored. In some municipalities, predominantly in those with poorly developed economies, milk is an important means of support for a large number of families living in rural areas. It is possible to observe the low availability of rural technical assistance in the state in view of the large number of active DAPs.

One of today's great socio-economic and environmental challenges is to develop sustainable technologies for energy generation. In this sense, the use of methane generated in wastewater treatment plants in an industrial refrigerator is an alternative source of sustainable energy, since its production in the treatment of this type of industry is high. However, an important portion of the biogas produced in UASB reactors is wasted with the effluent from these reactors in dissolved form. Thus, this research aims to investigate the effect of the configuration of the phase separation element on the capture of biogas in UASB reactors treating effluents from industrial refrigerators, submitted to the same operational conditions. For this, two reactors with different configurations of the phase separation element were used, one in the conventional model (R1) and the other in the Y model (R2). The reactors were subjected to organic volumetric loads (VOCs) of 5.8 to 9.5 kgDQO / m3.d and 5.0 to 8.1 kgDQO / m3.d for reactors R1 and R2, respectively. The effluents of these reactors were monitored by analyzing temperature, pH, alkalinity (and their fractions), organic matter and solids. The biogas flows captured by the phase separators and the compositions of the biogas samples were also determined. From the results obtained, it appears that the two reactors showed satisfactory operational stability, since the pH values remained in the neutral range. This result was corroborated by the good material removal efficiency
(74% for R1 and 73% for R2) and the high biogas flow rates with high methane percentages: on average 0.063 m3 / d of biogas (with an average methane content of 79.5%) was obtained for the R1 and 0.064 m3 / d of biogas (with an average methane content of 79.4%) for R2. When analyzing the data statistically, it was verified that there were no significant differences between the operational performances of the studied reactors. It was also found that the different configurations of the phase separation elements studied in this research did not have a significant effect on the capture of biogas. Thus, this result suggests that the choice of the phase separation element configuration, conventional model or Y model, should be made based on financial and structural stability aspects. Finally, it is reinforced that the treatment of industrial refrigerator effluents by means of UASB reactors can constitute a sustainable technology for the generation of energy from biogas, since it has a high methane content.

This dissertation places its discussion based on the knowledge about Sustainable Development, higher education teaching and pedagogical practices of professors at the Federal University of Cariri (UFCA) articulating the theme of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The study recognizes thought-provoking points about teaching practices in higher education and the contributions to sustainable development in the Metropolitan Region of Cariri (RMC), based on the perspective of the 17 SDGs proposed by the United Nations (UN) since January 1, 2016 through of the Resolution entitled “Transforming our world: 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda”. Thus, the objective of the research was to know which and how the SDGs are involved in the practices of UFCA teachers, as well as to describe the profile of UFCA's teacher education; explain what guides their pedagogical practices and the teachers' perception about sustainable development. In order to contemplate the aforementioned objectives, a bibliographic, documentary, descriptive and exploratory research was then used, with data collection through the application of an online questionnaire with the Google forms tool, divided into three sessions to grasp specific questions of each subject under study. The data treatment was carried out with a quantitative and qualitative approach, so that we used the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) in the quantitative approach and qualitatively deepened the grounded discussions of BARDAN's Content Analysis (2011), from AXIS A - TEACHING PROFILE OF UFCA, covering 4 categories (About the research participants; Link to UFCA; Training; What guides our practices) and Axis B - TEACHING PRACTICES AND THE INTER-RELATIONSHIP WITH THE SDGS, with 3 categories dealing with Perception about Sustainable Development; SDGs in teaching practices; Perspectives for Education for Sustainable Development). Thus, in order to understand the transversality of the study on pedagogical practices of UFCA teachers and how the SDGs approach the teaching sphere, highlighting those SDGs most contemplated in the pedagogical practices of UFCA teachers, in their teaching, research, extension and culture activities.

Poverty, its definition, as it is presented, ways to minimize it, among other issues, is a theme present in the governmental agenda with the purpose of promoting debates and directing the emergence of public policy initiatives and actions in order to subsidize the eradication. Planning public policies means considering in its formulation not only the execution, but also the monitoring and evaluation of the public materialization projected in its actions. In this sense, the objective of the research is to evaluate how the Bolsa Família Program, a public income transfer policy, takes place in the Metropolitan Region of Cariri - RMC taking as its specific locus the municipality of Caririaçu, one of the municipalities in the composition. The municipality of Caririaçu was created under the name of São José, through a provincial act on 05/11/1859 and by provincial law nº 1362 in the year 1876. After several changes made through laws and decrees, the municipality changed its name to if Caririaçu through state decree-law nº 1114, of 12/30/194. The municipality of Caririaçu has an estimated population of 27,095 inhabitants (2018). In order to meet the proposed for the research, the methodology used in the first part of the production of the work of the bibliographic procedure, as a general method, used the method - Delphi that was applied with the specialists in the theme. Still from a classification perspective, the research objectives were carried out in an exploratory way. In order to know the experts' perception of the program, a technical instrument, the questionnaire, was applied. This instrument had 17 (seventeen) questions, between open and closed. With the present work it was possible to conclude that the institutional design of the policy leaves nothing to be desired, all points are contemplated and categorized, but, as it is a policy with decentralized management part of what it proposes to accomplish ends up adjusting to the reality and the needs of the managers of the territories in which they are inserted, thus, the public policy thought in a national way, perhaps, can never reach its objectives.

The Cariri Cearense region presents itself as an important mineral pole, in terms of its rich reserve of laminated sedimentary limestone, known commercially as Pedra Cariri, used as flooring and cladding in civil construction. However, the mining and processing processes of laminated limestone for the manufacture of floors and coverings produce a high amount of waste (70% is wasted) responsible for major damage to the environment. Thus, the use of waste in civil construction is an excellent alternative to reduce the environmental impact and contribute to sustainable development. In this context, the present work aimed to study the reuse of laminated limestone residues in the concrete composition, replacing in bulk the fine aggregate (sand), aiming at its use in short excavated and apiled piles, carried out on collapsible soils. In the laboratory stage, the characterization of the materials was carried out and, subsequently, the molding of dry type concrete specimens, through five levels of residue: 0%, 30%, 50%, 80% and 100%. The results demonstrated the feasibility of the process from both a technical and environmental point of view in replacing the sand with the residue in the proportions of 30% and 50%, however, it was decided to make the pile, the mixture made up of 50% of waste, in view of a greater volume of use of the waste. In the field stage, piles were made at the Experimental Field of the Federal University of Cariri, where there are collapsible soil layers that lose resistance when flooded. For this purpose, two 15 cm diameter and depth, one with conventional dry concrete and the other with dry concrete containing laminated limestone residue, which were subjected to load test tests of the slow type, to verify the settlement of the soil in the state of natural moisture and after flooding. The pile attached with residue showed a repression of 1.30 mm when it was loaded up to 10T, with soil in natural humidity; after unloading up to 5T and intentional wetting of the soil, in this tension of 5T, the additional settlement was 3.11mm, totaling a settlement of 4.41mm. The conventional concrete pile supported on the soil in natural moisture, subjected to a load of up to 10T, showed a settlement of 1.19 mm, a settlement practically similar to the pile produced with waste, showing that the technique of using the waste is promising; when flooding the support ground of the pile in this load, the registered settlement was 14.67 mm, totaling a settlement of 15.86 mm when submitted to 10 T. The results showed that the measured settlements did not exceed the technical rupture criterion referenced by NBR 6122/19, which corresponds to 25 mm. The pioneering technique for the execution of pile piles on collapsible soils in the Cariri Region proved to be technically approved as a solution for foundations for small works. These results make it possible to conclude that the use of laminated limestone residue in the execution of pile piles on collapsible soils is technically and environmentally viable.

Water resources are the most essential abiotic elements for the maintenance of life, as well as for the execution of 
other biological relations of the planet. Even though it is aware of the importance of water, society's neglect of this scarce good, 
coupled with the pressures exerted by the population's predatory demands, which are closely allied to the disorderly growth 
of urban centers, end up contaminating many sources, forcing the search by their meager supply at increasingly distant points
 of human densities. This situation is especially serious in the semi-arid regions of the Earth, a reality of which the sertão of the 
Brazilian Northeast forms part. The Northeastern Administrative Region, although possessing the second largest population of
 Brazil, has the lowest water volume in the country, and yet it presents many situations of carelessness with this precious
 element. The dam Senador Epitácio Pessoa, known in the locality as Açude Grande, is in the city of Cajazeiras-PB, 
one of the 1,262 municipalities inserted in the drought polygon. This superficial reservoir, built by the Federal Government
 in the context of the 1915 drought, is now degraded, with its waters receiving direct effluent discharge. 
Therefore, what is intended with this project is: to carry out a study of the historical evolution of the importance 
of the waters of the reservoir in the region; to evaluate the loss of the quality of its waters, applying the Index of Trophic 
State; to relate the urban growth and the increase of concentrations of pollutants and contaminants found in its waters, 
using remote sensing and geoprocessing techniques; and to see how the population currently sees and uses the spring.

Furthermore, Resolution No. 6/2012, which provides for national curricular guidelines for Technical Vocational Education (EPT, in portuguese) at secondary level, reiterates the need to link these educational institutions with the socioeconomic and environmental development of the territories where the technical courses are inserted. In this context, the present study aims to analyze the theoretical and practical activities of EA in professional high school in the city of Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará. As for the methodological procedures, this research is based on the deductive method, since it sought to correlate the dimensions of the DS (social, cultural, environmental, territorial, economic and political) with the actions of EA and local (regional) development , in view of its applicability in professional high school. To do so, it presents a qualitative research approach and the nature of the exploratory-described and, occasionally, explanatory objectives. In addition, a bibliographic and documentary review was carried out to obtain secondary data (and, in part, primary data). As for the collection of these, the research strategy of the Case Study was also chosen, where an interview (in the form of agenda) was carried out with the former management of EEEP Raimundo Saraiva Coelho. As a result, the study can clearly see the influence of the dimensions of sustainability (by Ignacy Sachs) on the concept of EE, until then legitimized by national legislation; where it was possible to prove the multi and interdisciplinary insertion of EA in EPT of medium level in the municipality of Juazeiro do Norte; constituting traditional / conservative education as the main challenge for the dissemination of EA actions in these institutions. Finally, it was possible to show that the Metropolitan Region of Cariri (RMCariri) has a relevant natural and cultural heritage for the promotion of EA actions in the region.

Sustainability presents itself to humanity as a challenge, an essential factor for the maintenance of life, through actions planned and executed under the socio-environmental and economic aegis, including from sustainable projects that value in their planning and development by the regulated use of resources natural like water. The São Francisco River Integration Project (PISF), popularly known as Transposition, for example, has interfered in different aspects where it is being carried out. It is a governmental water project that aims to guarantee water for human, industrial, agricultural and animal consumption in four states in the Brazilian semiarid region: Ceará, Pernambuco, Paraíba and Rio Grande do Norte. The objective of this research is to analyze the sustainability of the PISF in Penaforte-CE, based on qualitative indicators in the environmental, economic and social dimensions. Altogether, 23 were employed, of which: 8 environmental, 8 economic and 7 social, distributed in two parallel scales of agreement, covering their scope and local execution. The methodological procedure used was the case study, supported by bibliographic, documentary bases, direct observations and field research. Its result indicates that the planning and development of the PISF include 100% of the environmental indicators, 75% of the economic ones and 72% of the social ones. It was concluded that they are efficient resources for the analysis of sustainability, since they accurately attest to the level of global performance of this enterprise (83%), being above the international average (70%) for high sustainability projects, from the socio-environmental point of view and economic, standard used by management systems such as TBL, PMI and GRI.

The last two decades of the twentieth century have marked the world with
changes in the Social, Economic, and Environmental fields. As a result, one of the most
highlighted discussions has been the quest for sustainable development. In fact, this new way
of seeing the world and the humans points out the close and complex relationship among the
Social, Environmental, and Economic dimensions, the so-called triple bottom line for
sustainability. Therefore, the development of methodologies focused on monitoring,
forecasting, and controlling variables underlying these dimensions has been encouraged. In
this way, the issue of time series modelling and forecasting becomes paramount. This
dissertation aims to present a framework for dealing with sustainable development time
series. Specifically, the problem of offering parsimonious predictors is taken into account.
Three single approaches (Autoregressive integrated moving average -ARIMA, Exponential
Smoothing -ETS, and Artificial Neural Network -ANN) and four combined approaches
(Simple average -SA, Simple median -SM, Minimal Variance -MV, and artificial neural
networks -cANN) are considered. An optimisation process based on Simulated annealing
(SA) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) was developed in order to define the
parsimonious ANN and cANN structures. To test the proposed approach, twelve time series

regarding sustainable development variables, four to each dimension of the triple bottom line,
are investigated. The Brazilian Amazonian deforestation, S&amp;P500 Index and the incidence of
mumps in New York city are some examples. As a result, it is claimed that time series
involving environmental, economic, and social issues have different characteristics and thus
might demand different formalisms for modelling and forecasting exercises. Further, single
models can not be the best methods, at a first glance. In turn, the proposed approach to
promote parsimonious ANN and cANN, via SA by the minimisation of BIC, have showed
good performance for both single and combined modelling.

The motto of this research is to identify if the process of gentrification is present in the policies housing, taking as a contribution the effects of this phenomenon among the residents contemplated by the My House My Life Program (PMCMV Monsenhor Montenegro, located in the neighborhood of Our Lady of Fatima, in the city of Crato. From the earliest days of the primitive accumulation of capital the land became the subject of strife, implicit in the fact that uneven geographical development is partly expressed in terms of an opposition between opposing forces that contribute to the concentration or geographic dispersion in the circulation of capital. In the same vein, the speculative movement caused by capital in the vicinity of the social production of space and its derivations ( socio-spatial segregation, exclusion and inequality) has led to the dissemination of a socially disparate, economically unequal and politically incorrect division social reproduction of space. Allied to this, there is still the fetishization of housing, which in Brazil, through Federal Housing Programs, has led many people to live in remote places of urban centers, putting in check one of the fundamental rights listed in the Federal Constitution, as is the case with the right to housing.
It should be noted that the dwelling the idea of inviolable asylum, its extension goes from security of possession, availability of goods, economics, habitability, accessibility, location to cultural appropriateness. Ignore any implicitly included in the right to housing is to for gentrification, terminology adopted to refer not only to the constant measures of expulsion of poor residents from areas that have experienced real estate valuation, for the various inequalities experienced by those who live far from the "center of the city", and which therefore does not enjoy the same benefits - in quantity and quality alike - of those who do not live in peripheries. Therefore, the central objective of this work concerns to investigate whether the Monsenhor Montenegro Residential Complex is or is not based on the of gentrification. Of a qualitative nature, the research in focus is a case study, which adopted as an eyeliner the bibliographic research and the tools of the descriptive- exploratory, using the questionnaire and the semi-structured interview as tools the data collection. It stands out as the main data, besides the enormous distance of the Residential complex in relation to the urban center, the lack of public power in the provision and assistance of basic goods and services to the community is misplaced.

The reorientation of health practices through the lens of sustainable development and of collective health requires a new professional conduct, annihilating the biomedical posture to give space to practices from the integrality of care. The Family Health Strategy as a means capable of reorganizing health services in the territory based on knowledge determinants that affect the quality of life and impedes the well-being of the population. IS ODS 3 appears as a strategy of health surveillance to strengthen the well-being individual and collective in the territory through integrated actions. The objective of this research was to identify the interface of work processes in health surveillance with the development of sustainable development within the scope of basic care for the strengthening of ODS 3 in the territory. For this methodological approach of qualitative exploratory nature through an action research. The study was carried out in the municipality of Crato-CE in the Of the Family of Mercy of the Seminary Neighborhood, the residents of the year 1 (R1) of the multiprofessional residence program in collective health - URCA, members of the ESF staff and service users and neighborhood leaders. Three workshops were held thematic areas that allowed us to identify through the analysis of the Discourse of the Collective Subject the knowledge of the subjects of the research on the interface of sustainable development with the health work processes, to know the fragility and potentialities ESF mercy in the framework of ODS 3 with the construction of the FOFA matrix and the elaboration of the FPEEEA determinants and planning for the strengthening of ODS 3 in the territory. The study showed that the research subjects understand that the work processes developed by the ESF mercy promote sustainable development in the community through the actions of prevention and health promotion, humanized care and institutional partnerships. At weaknesses stem from failures in public health management and the evidenced were the association of the neighborhood, the arrival of PRMSC in the ESF, trained and involved in health promotion actions. The construction of the FPEEEA matrix cause / effect indicators corresponding to a decrease in the quality of life and conditions, interfering in the strengthening of ODS 3 in the territory. It is noticed that the health promotion actions developed at the ESF mercy by the professionals and residents of collective health allied to the residents' association, create spaces for the dimensions of sustainable development in the territory, however, the support of public health management places the health surveillance established in ODS 3.

Public policies are defined and practiced in historical contexts. Therefore, each society has a pattern of public policy. In the Brazilian case, the study of public policy is still experiencing an incipient moment, as regards the plan of the knowledge about the responses that have been of Brazilian society on the subject. However, since the concepts and terms related to public policies began to be present in the language of the governments and society in general, the very structure of these contemporary societies demanded that the expression "public policies" should be reviewed and updated incorporate instances beyond the State, that is, reflection on determinations of social, cultural, political and economic nature which underpin the action of public power resulting from the complex interaction between State and society. With the emergence of the term Sustainable Development, scope of public policies turn more and more to environmental issues. In this sense, in understanding that the study of public policies should be guided by by the ontological, analytical, empirical and methodological planes in the search for of the flow resulting from the actions and intentions of the actors activated by and in the public interest, the present research aims to analyze the Timbaúbas Park as a public policy environment and its relationship with the Sustainable Development Objective - ODS that is aligned with the proposal of the Park. Therefore, the methodology used is exploratory- descriptive approach with a qualitative approach and makes use of a case study. Used also bibliographical and documentary research, direct observation and interviews semistructured.

And for the analysis of the results the descriptive analyzes were adopted, documentary, exploratory and exploratory. It was verified that the Timbaúbas experiences a situation of abandonment and de-characterization as a policy environmental protection of water resources, since the lack of municipal management in together with the lack of participation and popular control has not contributed to the development of sustainable public policies. With this, the public policies practiced in the Park do not favor ODS No. 15, since it was not possible to identify actions concrete or continuous measures to provide protection, recovery or promotion of sustainable use of existing ecosystems and the existence of a sustainable Park.

Electroplating is an industrial process, used by veneer jewelry industries, considered one of the major responsible for the production of hazardous waste. O inefficient treatment of their effluents as well as the inadequate disposition of their potential risks to the environment, implying sustainable development of the sector. The objective of this study is to to diagnose the galvanic industries installed and licensed in the municipality of Juazeiro Ceará, regarding the management of the waste generated, in order to subsidize the implementation of waste recovery and recovery programs, contributing to the for the formulation of public policies and alternatives for the development sustainable development of the sector. The methodology used was a study involving the application of questionnaire and simultaneously the collection of samples containing galvanic sludge and effluent crude and treated, in order to characterize the concentration of heavy metals present in the said samples and the efficiency of the treatment carried out by the companies. THE The chemical characterization of the treated effluents presented higher allowed by COEMA nº 02/2017, for some metals, with emphasis on Pb, in 91% of companies; Ni and Cr in 73%; Cu in 72%; the Zn by 45% and the Fe, Mn and Cd in 18% of companies. On average the metals that presented in great concentrations in the galvanic sludge were Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn. With regard to treatment efficiency, the analysis was performed based on the elimination of the concentration of metals, in the effluents treated. The company L10 presented the best efficiency in the treatment of its effluents, eliminating 71% of the metals present in the raw effluent. Next we have the L8 with an efficiency of 67% and L11 with 63%. The companies L4 and L5 could not eliminate no metal. The analyzes pointed to treatment inefficiency for metals Pb, Ni, Cr and Cu. The existence of more effective actions by the environmental agencies in proposing solutions and in the more direct follow-up of classified processes as potential environmental risks, constitute essential sustainable development of the sector.

The study analyzes the insertion of affirmative action policy - "quotas", implemented in the course of medical degree from the Federal University of Cariri-UFCA. The impact of such non-discriminatory measures and their correlation with the development of subjects in search of their academic and personal emancipation. The objectives of the study are to analyze the implementation of the quota system at the Federal University of Cariri, contextualizing the perspective of the right to education based on the Millennium promotion of sustainable regional development; mapping the quota system at UFCA categorized according to the adopted parameters, with emphasis on the undergraduate Medicine; identify the legal, principological and social aspects that support constitutionality of the quota system in the Brazilian legal system and to identify the implemented quota system implemented an inclusive policy of the student in the light of sustainability. Qualitative research will be based on a case study using the study of theoretical reference on the subject, the documentary study that guides the legal planning and field research, with the collection and analysis of the data. The search hopes to contribute to the strengthening of public policies for student stay in a "inclusive" perspective of the working class and its impacts on the Cariri of Ceará.

The present proposal appeared with the purpose of knowing how the Beekeeping Activity operates in a sustainable manner favoring the strengthening of the families of the beekeepers of the Serra Brejinho community in Jardim, Ceará. The community is part of Cariri Cearense, a sub-region characterized by semi-arid climate, which historically faces long periods of drought, interspersed by brief rainfall intervals, with a low rainfall rate that contributes to the impoverishment of the rural population, especially agriculture for their livelihood. This reality contributes to the economic and sustainable fragility of these families. In this context, beekeeping is considered as an alternative to minimize the consequences of constant drought, provoking innumerable possibilities of income generation, with benefits in other dimensions of sustainability, producing significant gains with the occupation of the rural and cultural environment, as well as the maintenance of the biodiversity and ecosystems. Thus, the central objective was to evaluate the potential of beekeeping as a sustainable instrument to strengthen the Serra Brejinho community in Jardim-CE. For this, a qualitative and quantitative approach was chosen in order to respond more comprehensively to the multiple dimensions of sustainability addressed. The study was carried out from July to November 2018, under the perspective of the dimensions of Sustainability proposed by Sachs (1993, 2004, 2008, 2009), the Sustainable Development Objectives (ODS) and the principles of solidarity economy proposed by SINGER (2002). The study adopted the following a methodology: To obtain non-verbal information, the observational method was used based on field visits, bibliographic research, and data collection through semi-structured interviews. The results of the literature are conclusive that beekeeping has the potential to generate income and other benefits, such as: developing environmental awareness, producing well-being and maintaining the population in the field, promoting integration and strengthening. However, from the analysis, it can be considered that beekeeping is promoting the strengthening of the Serra Brejinho community at the intermediate level, it requires more deepening of the collective actions of the association of beekeepers, the adoption of technologies that favor the increase of production and solidarity and management mechanisms for the marketing of apiculture products, promoting greater sustainability in its various dimensions. It is hoped that this study will be an instrument of theoretical and practical discussions about the importance of beekeeping as a sustainable instrument, and the possible generation of public policies that favor the development of this activity and the people involved

The process of accelerated urbanization is something characteristic of modernity and techniques implemented in space, adding to the exacerbated generation of new technologies causing changes in the natural environment, in addition to causing the increase wasteful generation of solid waste. However, concerns about the environment environment is not something characteristic of modernity alone. History reveals that Romans already had disciplinary means to diminish or abolish tailings coming from the homes of the residents. To this end, the end of the 20th century witnessed the growing awareness of the degradation of the environment arising from the development process. The deepening of the environmental crisis, together with the systematic reflection on the influence of society in this process, has led to a new concept of sustainable regional development. In this horizon, the locus of this research is the district of Monte Alverne, belonging to the Municipality of Crato - CE, metropolitan region of Cariri of Ceará. In this way, the research seeks to analyze the management and disposal of household solid waste generated in the district of Monte Alverne - Crato / CE. Methodologically, this communication is of a bibliographical and field, with exploratory-descriptive character and quantitative approach.

Since the beginning of this century, sustainable public procurement (PHC) has emerged as a powerful state instrument for realizing the sustainable development (SD) paradigm. With the PHC, the public administration (PA) seeks production and consumption patterns that harmoniously comprise three dimensions: environmental, social, and economic, gathered in the so-called triple bottom line (TBL). This research investigates the way Brazilian PHC legislation encompasses the TBL. In the methodology, it is a research of quali-quantitative approach, using the hypotheticaldeductive method. As for the purpose, it is basic strategic and, regarding the objectives, it is exploratory, descriptive, and explicative. About the procedures, it is bibliographic and documentary. To investigate the issue of PHC, twenty-five legal norms maintained by the Ministry of the Environment (MMA), the main Brazilian body responsible for the subject, were visited. Such textual corpus allowed for lexical and content analyses regarding the interaction between the dimensions of sustainability. The text mining step adopted in the present work is carried out through the IraMuTeq Free Software. In addition, secondary data available on the Federal Government Procurement Panel institutional website were also used in the theoretical foundation. As a result, it is argued that a misunderstanding occurs in the conception of Brazilian legal norms directed at PHC, since they are not individually committed to the TBL. Such a scenario obviously undermines the successful application of these standards and undermines the country's DS.

O conceito de agricultura familiar e aplicado para descrever as unidades de producao rural que se reconhecem pela relacao entre familia, trabalho e terra. No semiarido nordestino, esta e indicada como uma tendencia para a construcao de agriculturas de base ecologica ou sustentavel. O cenario das novas formas de inclusao do pequeno agricultor no mercado traz como discussao a agricultura familiar inserida na perspectiva de desenvolvimento rural sustentavel, destacando que o desempenho das pequenas propriedades agricolas tera maior estabilidade e probabilidade de crescimento. Diante desse contexto, surgiu o projeto Viver da Terra visando desenvolver a comunidade do Sitio Salobra localizado no municipio de Missao Velha no estado do Ceara, formado por familias de agricultores, atraves de uma producao agricola familiar sustentavel, alavancando sua renda, com utilizacao de ferramentas administrativas com foco na gestao ambiental, social e economica. O objetivo geral do trabalho foi analisar a percepcao da comunidade do Sitio Salobra sobre desenvolvimento rural sustentavel a partir da execucao do projeto Viver da Terra. Para a sua estruturacao foi efetuada uma revisao teorico-conceitual sobre a tematica e sera feito um levantamento e analise qualitativa das informacoes obtidas atraves da aplicacao de questionarios semiestruturados e de observacao nao participante. Com a avaliacao dos questionarios aplicados, foi feito uma mensuracao dos resultados que impactaram a comunidade atraves do projeto, dessa forma a pesquisa constatou que a comunidade do Sitio Salobra teve uma gestao participativa na execucao do projeto obtendo avancos sociais, economicos e ambientais.

Geoparks are territories with defined limits open to sustainable practices, which include conservation actions, preservation, education and the promotion of tourism in a given region, contributing to territorial development. In Brazil the GeoPark Araripe is in consolidation and the proposals of geoparks are in the process of maturing. Interaction through networks is one of the main mechanisms that geoparks have for strengthening and spreading their mission, which is based on a process that enables social, economic, cultural, environmental, and political wellbeing for the populations. This research presents the work dynamics of GeoPark Araripe - (GA), the first in the Americas and the only one in Brazil, a member of the global network of geoparks, for eleven years of existence in Cariri Ceará for sustainability. In this context, this work has as main objective, to verify the influence of a geopark in its territory, presenting the performance of the Araripe GeoPark in the stimulation and implementation of sustainability. In order to reach the objectives, a methodological outline characterized by a quantitative and qualitative approach was drawn. The subjects of the study include residents of 3 communities close to the geosites that represented the municipalities that make up the GA territory; representatives of the municipal administrations and others of the tourist follow-up as the ones of lodging, receptive tourist and of sales of local products. Data collection instruments consist of systematized observations, semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, fieldwork and consultation of documents and academic productions on geoparks and GeoPark Araripe, as well as photographic records. For data treatment, in relation to documents, a documentary analysis was performed, and the interviews and questionnaires were measured by content analysis, Iramutec software computational tool that works with text mining and lexical analysis and descriptive statistics. Thus, with these tools, it was possible to achieve the objectives outlined, and will present GA's performance in relation to sustainability, which contributes to the sustainable development of the territory in which it is inserted, enabling a better quality of life for people.

The cities became more populated compared to rural areas, along anthropogenic action, environmental problems have grown. Thus, the preservation of the environment environment has become an increasingly focus of concern for society and the search for sustainability is constant. An alternative to improve the quality of urban space and consequently the man's life in the city is the increase of green spaces. As examples of urban green spaces we have the urban gardens that are responsible for changes in the city's environment, as well as in the food and quality of life of the population. The development of vegetable garden is an important modality of production and consumption of the population considering the nutritional point of view, besides having direct consequences on improving the consumption habits of people, on the economy of families and even in the maintenance and improvement of health. In Juazeiro do Norte-CE it is being developed a pilot project of a community garden in urban perimeter, project entitled "Sowing and Harvesting": Paths of social and ecological responsibility, which benefits 20 families living in a neighborhood of the municipality. The garden serves as a model for own city and neighboring municipalities. This study was based on the Semear Spoon, with the main objective of knowing the contributions of a community garden for the families benefited by the project, from the point of view of the dimensions of the sustainable development. The results obtained showed that the development of community garden, as well as being a source of income, is also important for the strengthening of social relations, promoting bonds of friendship and companionship, strengthening the collective and organized action, besides being a place that makes possible entertainment and leisure. It is hoped to highlight the importance of garden development community action so that similar actions can be taken in other places and that this contribute to the development of projects and public policies capable of contributing to the for the promotion and growth of sustainable practices, with the involvement of society in local development.

O Brasil é atualmente um dos maiores produtores/exportadores de grãos do mundo, feito conseguido nas últimas décadas por meio de uma agricultura que soube adotar por um lado, os chamados “Pacotes Tecnológicos” e por outro, observou na Agroecologia, dentro da agricultura familiar uma proposta mais sustentável de produção. Colocadas essas duas visões de lida no campo, este estudo buscou inserir nesse contexto um indicador sistêmico de desenvolvimento criado em um pequeno país do Himalaia – Butão, chamado Índice de Felicidade Interna Bruta (FIB), no qual são analisadas nove dimensões das mais diversas áreas da vida humana, com a finalidade de medir o progresso/desenvolvimento de uma comunidade, considerando além dos aspectos econômicos, os socioambientais e de bem estar das pessoas. O público no qual essa pesquisa se desenvolveu foram os chefes de família que moram no assentamento Santo Antônio em Cajazeiras – PB, com a intensão de comparar as noves dimensões do índice FIB entre os dois grupos de trabalhadores rurais existentes na comunidade, os que se autodeclaram agroecológicos e os agricultores convencionais. A pesquisa apresentou uma abordagem quanti/qualitativa e fim exploratório. Aplicou-se um questionário estruturado com cinquenta perguntas em sua maioria em escala Likert e utilizou-se de elementos da estatística para verificar as tendências das respostas dos dois grupos de agricultores, se mais positivas, negativas e se há diferenças significantes, trazendo à discussão alguns autores da área. Os resultados apontaram que, três das nove dimensões do FIB, apresentaram diferenças expressivas entre os dois grupos e que por isso mereceram destaque no estudo. Ao final das discussões, ponderou-se que alguns conceitos precisam ser mais solidificados para os próprios moradores da comunidade e que as nove dimensões do FIB efetivamente contribuem para felicidade das pessoas, se bem trabalhadas tanto no âmbito pessoal quanto governamental, de modo a garantir um desenvolvimento realmente sustentável.

As Tecnologias Sociais Hídricas implantadas por meio da política pública do Programa Uma Terra duas águas (P1+2) visam atender as vulnerabilidades hídricas no Semiárido. Na região do Cariri várias comunidades foram beneficiadas por este programa. Essa pesquisa tem o propósito de identificar, os agricultores beneficiados com as Tecnologias Sociais Hídricas; sistematizar, aplicando estudos estatísticos, os dados e informações coletadas, estabelecendo as variáveis representativas nas etapas de implantação, utilização e monitoramento das Tecnologias Sociais Hídricas nas comunidades; Prospectar os impactos nos municípios, a partir da implementação das Tecnologias Sociais Hídricas; avaliar os aspectos e particularidades das Tecnologias Sociais Hídricas, elencando as críticas e os casos de sucesso na tentativa de validar sua reaplicação em outros territórios. Foram coletados dados da ONG Associação Cristã de Base (ACB) localizada em Crato, Ceará. Realizou-se entrevistas em comunidades rurais nos municípios da região do Cariri. A análise dos dados foi conduzida pelas técnicas de teste de hipótese, dependência entre variáveis e análise léxica. Os resultados mostram que as tecnologias sociais hídricas conduzem a impactos diretos nas comunidades pesquisadas e apesar de se tratar de um conceito ambiental produzem um impacto direto na dimensão social da sustentabilidade, uma vez que se constatou um aumento da qualidade de vida nas comunidades, destacando que a dimensão social tem por objetivo precípuo a igualdade de condições e de acesso a bens. A viabilidade de implantação das TSH em outros territórios é um caminho oportuno capaz de efetivar o acesso a água nas comunidades, de forma a promover a autonomia no Semiárido cearense. Dessa forma, o P1+2, por meio das TSH se constitui numa experiência bastante rica de fornecimento de água para promoção da agricultura familiar e estimulo a discussão de alternativas de convivência com o semiárido. Suas contribuições passam pelos efeitos sobre a qualidade de vida das famílias, mas também pelo aspecto político, relacionado ao fortalecimento de uma rede de organizações e de comunidades ligadas ao programa.

As sementes crioulas simbolizam a chave para os sistemas de base agroecológica, essas variedades apresentam defesas contra vulnerabilidades das lavouras, como a resistência a intempéries climáticas, pragas e doenças. Entretanto, nos últimos anos o cultivo dessas sementes vem diminuindo e uma das formas de conservar e resgatar essas variedades é através das Casas de Sementes Comunitárias, essas são estruturas conduzidas por organizações de base comunitária e constitui uma importante ferramenta para a chamada conservação in situ/on farm. Diante da importância dessa tecnologia social, a pesquisa teve por objetivo caracterizar as Casas de Sementes Comunitárias dos municípios de Crato e Nova Olinda, identificando as ações de apoio à criação e fortalecimento da referida tecnologia social. A pesquisa documental, entrevistas e levantamento das coordenadas geográficas foram as técnicas de coleta de dados utilizadas para delinear a pesquisa. Foram identificadas três Casas de Sementes em Nova Olinda e sete, no Crato. Durante o estudo observou-se que as Casas de Sementes contribuem para o desenvolvimento sustentável das comunidades as quais estão inseridas. Entretanto, a falta de incentivo e apoio, o desinteresse dos jovens e as condições climáticas são os principais motivos que influenciam a inativação de, pelo menos, quatro, das dez Casas de Sementes identificadas na pesquisa.

A pobreza fabricada, projetada, inventada, estigmatizada, midiatizada é o interesse central da discussão deste estudo. O presente trabalho emerge do interesse em analisar o discurso como elemento de inventividade social, que busca instituir verdades, tendo por pano de fundo os debates forjados em relação a pobreza e o ser pobre. Nosso objetivo foi verificar como os discursos presentes na academia, nas normas e regulamentos da assistência social brasileira, bem como na mídia Folha de São Paulo forjam, classificam, enquadram, atualizam e modelam o conceito de pobreza e do ser pobre, assumindo como recorte o período de 2003 a 2010, período de gestão do presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, no qual é instituído um enunciado do “Governo da erradicação da Pobreza”. O caminho metodológico deste estudo segue uma abordagem da análise do discurso foucaultiano, adotando como instrumentais analíticos a apropriação dos conceitos de discurso, práticas discursivas e enunciado. A escolha pela análise do discurso em Foucault emerge da vontade de recorrer a outras possibilidades, outras nuances, caminhos outros, muitas vezes desconhecidos e silenciados. Dessa forma, a pesquisa aqui desenvolvida, buscou apresentar as manobras e outras dobras atreladas à pobreza e o ser pobre e, consequentemente, a possibilidade de se escrever um trabalho de caráter pós-estruturalista. Esta pesquisa nos proporcionou observar como se movimenta as engrenagens do discurso, das estratégias de dominação, dos estereótipos criados, da vontade de fixar corpos, de classificar a pobreza e o ser pobre como um ser em constante impotência, sem vez e sem voz. Destacamos, que a proposta de se pensar o desenvolvimento sustentável neste trabalho, não se enquadra em descrição de indicadores, nem tenta exaurir os mais variados conceitos sobre a temática, entendemos assim, o conceito de desenvolvimento sustentável como um exercício da prática das relações, sendo que essa prática perpassa a necessidade de alteração da percepção do outro e de si, de reconhecer suas potências, seus transbordamentos, que vai além de uma imagem congelada e estereotipada. Enfim, a pesquisa aqui empreendida, nos possibilitou ampliar as possibilidades outras de se abordar, visualizar e falar sobre o tema pobreza e o ser pobre.

After the second half of the twentieth century, especially after the Green Revolution, there was an increase in food production, caused by the adoption of packages with the massive use of machinery, agrochemicals and improved commercial seeds. This process resulted in the extinction and / or reduction of many varieties of native or native seeds. Before this process some conservation strategies are being discussed, among them stand the Seed Houses, where the grains of the familiar farmers are stored, being these result of an empirical procedure of improvement through the Recurrent Selection, adapted the edaphoclimatic conditions of each region. These are structures run by community-based organizations and are an important tool for so-called on-site conservation / on-farm. In view of the importance of this social technology, the objective of this study was to verify the positive effect of recurrent selection on families of complete siblings of common Creole maize, collected in rural communities of the Cariri region of Ceará, emphasizing their role as a reference for the recovery and preservation of agrobiodiversity and improving the quality of cultivated and stored seeds, and preserving local biodiversity, deepening and strengthening the recovery of manners and traditions of the rural man. For this purpose, the competition test was used in two different environments to identify and select superior progenies, with good agronomic characteristics, in order to introduce varieties and / or cultivars that adapt to the edaphoclimatic conditions of the region. Statistical analysis was done through the SAS Program. The selection indices used to predict gains were those of Mulamba and Mock (1978) and Smith (1936) and Hazel (1943). The results confirmed the occurrence of significant variability for most characteristics evaluated. In this way it was observed that the population has genotypes with good potentials to be explored in future selection cycles. This research allowed us to carry out training in the communities, showing the importance of germplasm banks and creole seeds, as well as facilitated the exchange of experience with family farmers, at the same time making possible the exchange of creole seeds with the communities of Cariri Cearense.

A interface entre sustentabilidade e saúde está cada vez mais evidente, visto que a saúde do indivíduo interfere na qualidade de suas ações. Observa-se que a saúde está intimamente relacionada com os indicadores da sustentabilidade. Porém percebe-se que muitos dos trabalhadores da saúde, especialmente das unidades hospitalares, não compreendem a importância e a responsabilidade que o hospital possui para a manutenção de um ambiente saudável. Buscou-se então como objetivo desse estudo investigar a percepção dos funcionários de um hospital na cidade de Juazeiro do Norte, quanto a temática da sustentabilidade no ambiente hospitalar. O estudo foi de natureza qualitativa com caráter descritivo e exploratório; onde lançou-se mão dos seguintes instrumentos de pesquisa para coleta de dados: entrevistas semiestruturadas com funcionários do serviço e observação direta da unidade hospitalar. As observações e impressões da pesquisadora compuseram um diário de campo, o qual também compôs o corpus para análise, juntamente com as entrevistas. A análise dos dados foi realizada através da Análise do Conteúdo, baseado no corpus de análise. Evidenciou-se que, para a maioria dos funcionários entrevistados, a temática da sustentabilidade é desconhecida; dentro do ambiente hospitalar ou fora dele, não fazendo parte do cotidiano desses trabalhadores. Contudo observou-se que esses funcionários que desconheciam a temática, após apresentação do assunto de forma pontual, demonstraram interesse em conhecer mais sobre o tema, ancorando na educação um meio eficaz para buscar a sustentabilidade no ambiente hospitalar. Tendo esse estudo como base, pode-se no ambiente de trabalho praticar a educação continuada de funcionários, e expandindo para usuários do serviço, como uma proposta para elaboração de ações condizentes com um hospital sustentável.

O desenvolvimento sustentável inclusivo é um tema emergente que amplia a visão de desenvolvimento
para além do crescimento econômico e amadurecimento tecnológico. O desenvolvimento deve fomentar a
inclusão social, ambiental, espacial, econômica, cultural e política e a ampliação e universalização dos
direitos das pessoas que ainda se encontram à margem da cidadania, em particular as que possuem algum
tipo de deficiência. A correlação entre o desenvolvimento sustentável e a inclusão das pessoas com
deficiência operou-se na Convenção da Organização das Nações Unidas Sobre os Direitos das Pessoas
Com Deficiência. Em seu preâmbulo, alínea g, assevera “[...] a importância de trazer questões relativas à
deficiência ao centro das preocupações da sociedade como parte integrante das estratégias relevantes de
desenvolvimento sustentável” (BRASIL, 2009, p. 1). Considerar as pessoas com deficiência como
cidadãos estratégicos no processo de desenvolvimento é importante porque as pessoas com deficiência
quando usufruem de forma plena de seus direitos humanos, liberdades fundamentais e de sua participação
na comunidade, ocorre o fortalecimento de seu senso de pertencimento à sociedade, o avanço do
desenvolvimento humano, social e econômico, bem como a eliminação da pobreza. A presente pesquisa
apresenta-se como um espaço de reflexão e discussão coletiva para a edificação de um desenvolvimento
sustentável que ao ser implementado, atenderá as peculiaridades de cada sujeito, de sorte que todos,
inclusive as pessoas com deficiência, possam usufruir e possam progredir ao passo que favorecem o
desenvolvimento de suas localidades. Em que pese a Convenção Sobre os Direitos das Pessoas com
Deficiência tenha positivado a importância das pessoas com deficiência para alavancar ou até mesmo
inaugurar um processo de desenvolvimento sustentável, o diálogo entre as áreas de sustentabilidade e de
inclusão, quando acontece, ainda é restrito conceitualmente e raramente alinhado com os temas do
desenho universal, da universalização de direitos e da elaboração de políticas públicas que atendam as
especificidades de cada pessoa. E para alicerçar esta pesquisa, emergiram as seguintes questões
norteadoras: Quem são as pessoas com deficiência? Como a deficiência se manifesta? Quais são as bases
teóricas que podem subsidiar a construção de um desenvolvimento sustentável inclusivo? Quais são os
acontecimentos e as questões presentes nas histórias de vida e no universo dos sujeitos com deficiência
que podem ser incluídas na pauta do desenvolvimento sustentável? Este estudo teve por fito construir as
bases, as primeiras noções para a edificação de um desenvolvimento sustentável inclusivo. A pesquisa de
natureza exploratória possui cunho qualitativo e adotou o método de histórias de vida para proceder à
investigação. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados utilizados foram a entrevista não estruturada, a ficha do
informante e o diário de campo, cujas análises foram realizadas por meio da técnica The Zoom Model: A
Dynamic Framework for the Analysis of Life Historie s. A partir das histórias de vida do informante e da
própria pesquisadora, verificou-se que para a construção de um desenvolvimento sustentável que atenda
os anseios das pessoas com deficiência, faz-se mister 1: revisitar o princípio da solidariedade dando-lhe
uma conotação para além das questões ambientais; 2: redimensionar o papel do Estado, da sociedade e
das próprias pessoas com deficiência na elaboração de políticas públicas; 3: adotar a linha do desenho
universal nas intervenções a serem realizadas nos espaços urbanos; 4: pautar a inclusão socioeconômica
no acesso aos direitos sociais em vez de somente na distribuição de renda; e 5: trabalhar a cultura para
além de uma perspectiva material, estudando os componentes ideológicos e comportamentais embutidos
na sociedade.

O presente estudo se justifica pela relevância em identificar qual o desempenho de um hospital público com característica terciária e abrangência regional, construído e equipado pelo Governo do Estado do Ceará para atender a uma população estimada em hum milhão e meio de habitantes. O Hospital Regional do Cariri está localizado no município de Juazeiro do Norte e inaugurado em abril de 2011. O objetivo geral desta pesquisa foi avaliar o desempenho de um hospital público terciário da rede estadual da saúde, no tocante a eficácia e equidade dos serviços prestados a população do território do cariri cearense. Os objetivos específicos foram: 1) Identificar como se apresenta a produção assistencial dos atendimentos realizados pelo Hospital Regional do Cariri; 2) Identificar como se apresenta o acesso da população aos serviços ofertados pelo referido hospital, estratificando por municípios e microrregiões. Como metodologia adotada, foi privilegiada a abordagem qualitativa, trabalhando com elementos numéricos e análises textuais, a partir de um estudo triangular do referencial teórico, documental e da oitiva de atores envolvidos. Portanto, tivemos que fazer uso tanto de dados numéricos como textuais, integrados com as pesquisas bibliográficas e documentais. Para obtenção dos dados numéricos foi utilizado um roteiro, para nortear a pesquisa e facilitar a compreensão dos dados obtidos. Para a obtenção dos dados textuais foram analisados os documentos que norteiam a política: o contrato de gestão e o relatório de produção do hospital; e utilizados dois questionários semiestruturados: um para o Secretário de Saúde do Estado e Presidente da Organização Social, e outro para os coordenadores regionais de saúde e coordenadora da regulação Macrocariri. A análise dos dados se deu posterior à análise de conteúdo dos documentos que foram pesquisados, procurando evidenciar o caráter multidimensional dos fenômenos em sua manifestação natural, bem como captar os diferentes significados de uma experiência vivida, por meio das oitivas dos entrevistados, auxiliando a compreensão do objeto de estudo no seu contexto histórico. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstram que o Hospital Regional do Cariri, está sendo uma política eficaz, porém necessita melhorar quanto a equidade de acesso dos usuários aos serviços ofertados.

This research was a great experimentation, an act of affecting and being affected. On the one hand, we transmute, create new universes of reference, get in motion and incur in incorporeal transformations. An explosion of possibilities. Attributes of mapping. On the other hand, we provoked encounters, intervening in the cumplices of the research, impacting perceptions, discourses. It precipitates affirmative movements, connecting with the world of the other. We have established as searchable: map the imprinted marks / effects and life affirmation movements resulting from the formation of the Chico Gomes community, a rural community located in the municipality of Crato (CE). We wonder about these marks and effects that result from the geography of the community, the palpable and intangible symptoms of power in people's lives. But also about the affirmation movements of life that take place in the community, generating joy. In order to do so, we set specific objectives as: to weave the marks / effects on the individual components of the research resulting from the process of community formation; weaving the life affirmation movements evidenced in the course of the research; and describe the intervening movements triggered during the research. In this process, we provoke encounters, intervening in the investigations, impacting perceptions, discourses. We built agencies that led us to the writing of this text, which is research being life. We are accompanied by good meetings with Deleuze, Guattari, Niezsche, Lapoujade, Zourabichvili, Rolnik, Spinoza. Fundamental for the establishment of a narrative policy. But, not all the screams could materialize in the text, they resonate in the eardrums, sometimes exploding. From this, from all this, we extract a great learning, the event as an instance of the art of affirming life, the joys. Produce other senses in what happens to us, find opportunities in our accidents. To have as a commitment to live in intensity, to be pure affirming. We wanted to make the interventions triggered in this cartography pencils and notebooks to poetize lives, stimulate creation processes, strengthen life affirmations. For this, when necessary discouraging, breaking, breaking repetitivities, rooting. In return, stimulate connections, couple machines, people, things, ideas. For this, we do not measure the effects, if not, in us. Regarding this, we can say that we cross our limits, we gain brilliance and we expand in joy. We did the act of researching an act of life.

It is considered as a culture of peace, a collective and individual character policy that
spreads the respect for life, peace between individuals, groups and nations in preventing
forms of violence. In this perspective, it was created in the School Health Program (PSE)
to promote action line Culture of Peace for the school community, which proposes
intersectoral action between health and education to combat the forms of violence in a
given territory. In this sense, we sought to examine the relationship between the Culture of
Peace applied by the School Health Program (PSE) and sustainable regional development
in the metropolitan region of Cariri, through the actions developed by the program in a city
of Ceará south. case study, qualitative, descriptive, developed in Juazeiro Municipality -
EC, composed of 5 NASF 7 health professionals, (Pharmacist, physical educator,
physiotherapist, psychologist and social worker) who acted in 22 public schools of
teaching. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and three focus
groups with participant observation and data analysis through content analysis technique.
There was a small number of professionals involved in promoting the culture of peace in
the city of Juazeiro do Norte - CE, they held workshops and specific educational lectures,
player character and restricted to combat forms of violence. This fact is attributed to the
high number of schools and students to be accompanied by a single team of NASF about
3000. Difficulties in performing the actions were: lack of material, limited time and lack of
training in relation to culture peace for primary care professionals. The mentioned facilities
were the partnership between education / health and support of the school management in
the activities. The evaluation of the actions from the group was positive, while questioning
his character campaigner. By exploring the perceptions of the group on culture of peace
perceives a limited concept focusing on the absence of violence, far from the principles
indispensable to social life. Health professionals pointed out as the main forms of violence
identified in schools, bullying and violence against teachers. On the occasion reported that
the forms of violence naturalized by the company are: domestic violence, violence against
children and bullying. The interviews show that school education should mediate this
change as envisioned by the company, in partnership with the family and support services,
and transform the culture of war to a culture of peace among men. In this perspective, this
research may contribute to mediate knowledge, values, norms and positive attitudes to
improve social relations in Ceará Cariri.

O presente trabalho de pesquisa teve por objetivo buscar dados e informações relevantes para a compreensão do processo de inclusão de alunos com surdez no âmbito das escolas públicas do município de Juazeiro do Norte. Elegeu-se o nível fundamental de ensino como foco da pesquisa por compreender ser este a base da formação de todo e qualquer educando. A presente pesquisa teve por base um Estudo de Caso da Escola Municipal de Ensino Infantil e Fundamental Padre Cícero, mais especificamente no que concerne ao seu trabalho de atendimento aos alunos com surdez. A investigação foi realizada com base numa abordagem qualitativa, tendo como referenciais teóricos as concepções sócio-interacionista e socioantropológica da surdez. O estudo guiou-se pelas seguintes questões de pesquisa: há profissionais qualificados e habilitados para o trabalho pedagógico junto a alunos com surdez na escola regular? A escola regular tem sido capaz de desenvolver um trabalho colaborativo e em equipe entre os seus profissionais que considere as especificidades de aprendizagem dos alunos surdos, como proposto pela Política Nacional de Inclusão? Para os fins propostos pela pesquisa utilizou-se como instrumentos para a coleta de dados às entrevistas, as observações em sala de aula e os dados e informações complementares. Os dados e informações coletados foram analisados individualmente e em conjunto com o intuito de obter uma visão mais abrangente e objetiva da realidade observada. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstraram que a instituição de ensino alvo da pesquisa apesar de ser considerada uma referência na inclusão de alunos com necessidades especiais no âmbito do município ainda não se constitui como um espaço efetivo de interação, aprendizagem e desenvolvimento da criança com surdez. Constatou-se que há lacunas na formação dos professores e na condução do processo de inclusão pela escola e que as iniciativas de formação e aperfeiçoamento profissional têm partido principalmente das iniciativas dos próprios profissionais. Neste sentido a escola ainda não conseguiu efetivar a proposta de trabalho em equipe e o contato dos seus profissionais com os pais ou responsáveis pelos alunos. Constatou-se ainda que as condições estruturais e de instalação da escola não são determinantes para a efetivação do trabalho pedagógico junto ao aluno surdo e que a consciência do seu papel e as iniciativas de cada um são fatores fundamentais para o êxito da proposta inclusiva de educação.

Este estudo abordou a saúde ocupacional dos trabalhadores do setor da construção civil no
Cariri cearense traçando uma visão acerca da realidade, das tendências e das perspectivas no
desenvolvimento sustentável da Região. Foram avaliados 100 indivíduos do sexo masculino
que estavam executando atividades na fase de alvenaria. O diagnóstico foi realizado por meio
de um modelo analítico, observacional, exploratório, descritivo e transversal, de natureza
semi-quantitativa, baseada na anamnese dos trabalhadores. Com o auxilio do método REBA
(Rapid Entire Body Assessment) os indivíduos foram observados durante a execução da
atividade, para verificação do risco ergonômico; e através do Software de Análise Postural
(SAPO) foram analisadas suas alterações posturais. Os resultados foram discutidos tendo
como base a literatura específica da fisioterapia através da cinesiologia e biomecânica do
movimento. A análise estatística ocorreu pelo software Bioestat 5.0. As variáveis foram
expressas de maneira descritiva. Os resultados mostram que a idade média é de 36,5 anos, os
indivíduos estão expostos a riscos ergonômicos e de acidentes. A análise do posto de trabalho
mostrou um grau de risco médio a alto, viabilizando acidentes ocupacionais e DORT. A
avaliação postural apontou um quadro iminente de patologias osteomusculares, tendíneas,
nervosas e ligamentares associadas ao trabalho. Para a melhoria da saúde ocupacional dos
trabalhadores deste setor sugere-se adotar algumas medidas mitigadoras tais como: adoção de
políticas públicas para promoção e proteção a saúde ocupacional; educação continuada em
saúde e segurança do trabalho; conscientização e treinamento sobre o uso adequado dos EPIs
e adequação do ambiente. O desenvolvimento sustentável pode ser processado pela
observação das atividades econômicas e das questões sociais, o que exige interfaces diversas
entre o Estado, as empresas e seus funcionários, sendo assim as medidas darão subsídios para
prevenção de patologias e acidentes futuros, contribuindo para melhoria da saúde do
trabalhador no aspecto físico, mental e psicossocial, culminando em qualidade de vida e no
fortalecimento do setor na Região.

O processo de incubação de Empreendimentos Econômicos Solidários (EES’s) tem se destacado cada vez mais dentro da economia solidária (ES). O trabalho realizado junto aos Bancos Comunitários de Desenvolvimento (BCD’s), com suas moedas sociais, são um exemplo desse processo. Este trabalho aborda a ideia dos BCD’s no bairro Timbaúbas na cidade de Juazeiro do Norte-CE, e tem como objeto de estudo a emancipação dos associados do Banco Comunitário de Desenvolvimento das Timbaúbas (BCDT) com sua moeda social Timba. O processo de incubação foi assessorado pela Incubadora Tecnológica de Empreendimentos Populares e Solidários (ITEPS) da Universidade Federal do Cariri (UFCA) e o projeto se encontra na fase de desincubação. Sabendo que uma das maiores dificuldades dos projetos de economia solidária é o desenvolvimento do processo de emancipação dos associados, por vários motivos que perpassam os bairros periféricos, como desigualdades socioeconômicas, baixa escolaridade, pobreza extrema, baixa autoestima dentre outros, a pergunta problema é, os associados do BCDT conseguiram desenvolver sua emancipação a partir do trabalho realizado pela ITEPS? O pressuposto era que os associados haviam conseguido desenvolver sua emancipação apesar de algumas limitações. Para tanto esse trabalho tem como objetivo geral analisar o processo de emancipação dos associados do BCDT assessorado pela ITEPS da UFCA. A metodologia de análise tem como base o marco analítico do processo de emancipação construído no capítulo 1. Os métodos centrais da coleta de dados foram às entrevistas (semi-estruturadas) e a observação não participante, foram realizadas também, análise documental e histórica, no período de outubro de 2011 até outubro de 2013, além de pesquisas bibliográficas relativas ao tema em livros, artigos, dissertações e teses. A análise dos dados foi realizada utilizando a metodologia análise de discurso. Concluímos então que, os associados do BCDT conseguiram desenvolver sua emancipação a partir do trabalho realizado pela ITEPS, pois o grupo contempla a maior parte das categorias presentes no marco analítico, tem lutado para se libertar das forças hegemônicas do sistema, desenvolvendo uma consciência crítica para enfrentar essa realidade. Além disso, se colocam como sujeito participante da vida em sociedade e se percebem assim como um ser político.

A apicultura brasileira reúne requisitos que a credenciam como uma atividade de elevado potencial de inclusão social, face à sua competitividade em relação aos aspectos econômicos, sociais e ambientais. O objeto da pesquisa procura analisar a sustentabilidade da apicultura racional integrada a uma propriedade familiar com produção agroecológica no sopé da serra do Araripe no município Crato no Estado do Ceará. O projeto segue uma seqüência de etapas que vão desde o treinamento prático em apicultura para os integrantes da propriedade, análise da atividade apícola extrativista (semi- racional) existente, implantação e acompanhamento de um apiário racional, observando itens importantes como armazenamento de reserva energética e protéica de alimentos, postura da rainha, crias novas e maduras etc. e avaliação econômica deste. Foram levantadas em torno de 70 espécies na propriedade e no seu entorno, considerando espécies nativas e cultivadas, dessas 46 (66%) com potencial apícola ou seja plantas que fornecem néctar, pólen, néctar e pólen ou são visitadas pelas abelhas sem definição do que fornecem. Por ocasião do acompanhamento das colmeias no período da pesquisa, de março de 2013 a fevereiro de 2013 constatou-se que a taxa média de ocupação do ninho com crias e reserva de mel e pólen ficou em 57,5%, e que as menores taxa de ocupação ficaram entre os meses de abril e junho de 2013, e que nesse período a temperatura ficou abaixo de 28ºC e a umidade relativa maior que 65%. Com relação a análise da qualidade microbiológica e teor de umidade dos méis, foram analisadas 9 amostras, 3 do mel produzido pela atividade semi racional, 3 da atividade racional e 3 amostras de méis comercializados no mercado da cidade do Crato. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que todas amostras estão dentro dos padrões exigidos pela Ministério da Agricultura através das instruções normativas Nº 11 de 20 de outubro de 2000 e a Nº 62 de 2003, tanto no que diz respeito a umidade como a qualidade microbiológica. Com relação atividade apícola já praticada na propriedade que foi chamada de semiracional, o agricultor já detinha um bom conhecimento técnico aliado ao conhecimento empírico, e ainda algum conhecimento da biologia das abelhas, aliado aos preceitos agroecológicos por praticar isso no seu dia a dia como produtor. Com implantação da apicultura racional foi complementado o conhecimento da importância das abelhas para o meio ambiente. Com os resultados obtidos, conclui-se que a apicultura integrada á propriedade de base agroecológica é sustentável, pois agrega à produção agroecológica, o tripé da sustentabilidade, o econômico, o social, e o ambiental.             

This dissertation discusses the importance of the participation of the society in the processes of construction of the decisions regarding the context in which it is inserted. To this end, it brings Local Agenda 21 as a tool that effectively participates in the discussions about local sustainable development, since it is contemplative, inclusive and equitable, and it is a document that contains commitments to changes in the pattern of development, in which environment and social justice. In this case study, the Municipality of Juazeiro do Norte, in the State of Ceará, Northeast Brazil, started the debates for the construction of the Local Agenda 21 Permanent Forum, but it did not materialize. In order to understand why it did not take shape, a Field Survey was carried out at the main design locations of the Agenda, more broadly at the Municipal Council for the Defense of the Environment - COMDEMA. The research was qualitative in nature and the research technique was based on interviews with 13 citizens linked to COMDEMA, through a single questionnaire. The main hypothesis of this research for the non-implementation of Local Agenda 21 in the Municipality of Juazeiro do Norte was that there was a lack of dialogue and transparency between COMDEMA, Sociedade Juazeirense and Municipal Public Management, evidenced by political disinterest, a demobilized society and a system of a failed council, since a management interested in promoting the Agenda, pressures the councils to advance in this agenda and mobilizes the society for such an issue, an active council mobilizes the society and presses the management and a mobilized society, presses the council and causes the management.

A Região Metropolitana do Cariri - RMC criada pela Lei Complementar Nº 78 de 2009, localiza-se ao Sul do estado do Ceará, Nordeste brasileiro e é constituída pelos municípios de Juazeiro do Norte, Crato, Barbalha, Jardim, Missão Velha, Caririaçu, Farias Brito, Nova Olinda e Santana do Cariri. Concebida no sentido de minimizar as desigualdades sócio-econômicas existentes entre Região Metropolitana de Fortaleza e interior do Estado, a RMC surgiu como possibilidade de ofertar aos municípios integrantes um novo salto de crescimento e desenvolvimento. Realizando para o alcance das metas e objetivos estipulados, uma caracterização geral da Região Metropolitana do Cariri em sua idealização, planejamento, necessidades e perspectivas. O objetivo geral dessa pesquisa foi o de analisar o processo de desenvolvimento vivenciado pelos municípios integrantes da Região Metropolitana do Cariri - RMC, verificando se o mesmo se insere na perspectiva da sustentabilidade. A pesquisa possui foco quali-quantitativo, constituindo-se em um Estudo de Caso realizado por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. A coleta de dados se realizou por meio da análise dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento do Milênio no âmbito dos municípios da RMC e da realização de entrevistas com os prefeitos dessa região metropolitana. Por meio da análise dos resultados, constatou-se que a RMC caracteriza-se pela ausência de planejamento e de políticas públicas de atendimento as funções de interesse comum, além da falta de clareza acerca das suas finalidades, necessidades e perspectivas. Notou-se também que a prosperidade econômica nessa região (sobretudo, no CRAJUBAR) contrasta com a vulnerabilidade social e ambiental, produzindo um ambiente insustentável a médio e longo prazo. Coloca-se a inserção do paradigma das Cidades Sustentáveis no contexto metropolitano do Cariri como uma ferramenta importante de transformação da realidade social, econômica e ambiental em prol de um desenvolvimento regional sustentável. Assim, a RMC seria pautada num novo paradigma, constituída de um conjunto de Cidades Sustentáveis articuladas em prol do desenvolvimento regional.

A presente dissertação de mestrado em Desenvolvimento Regional Sustentável é um estudo de caso com abordagem qualitativa e descritiva, a unidade de análise é um grupo de jovens que participa da Fundação Casa Grande (FCG), em uma área do Sertão Semiárido na Região do Cariri. Investiga-se sobre a construção de significados pelos jovens que participam da FCG e suas contribuições para o desenvolvimento dos próprios jovens e para a Região, onde se procura saber sobre suas experiências de aprendizagens nas dimensões do “ser”, do fazer e do conviver. Esta pesquisa foi norteada pela hipótese de que os jovens que participam da Fundação Casa Grande estão construindo significados, e que estes significados podem constituir-se em competências para superação dos desafios vivenciados por eles, e em possibilidade de cooperação com a Região. Os estudos qualitativos, descritivos e analíticos foram compostos pelas observações de atividades cotidianas e depoimentos dos jovens sobre suas experiências na Fundação Casa Grande, na Cidade de Nova Olinda. Esse município está localizado na Microrregião do Cariri na Região Sul do Estado do Ceará, a 393 km de Fortaleza, com uma área geográfica de 284,40 Km2, situada no ambiente da Chapada do Araripe, limitando-se com os Municípios de Farias Brito, Santana do Cariri e Crato. Este estudo tem o objetivo de identificar os significados construídos pelos jovens sobre a vida no contexto do Sertão Semiárido e suas contribuições para o desenvolvimento regional sustentável a partir das experiências vivenciadas na Fundação Casa Grande. Esta pesquisa tem como orientação teórica as discussões acerca da construção da identidade humanística, da autonomia, da superação da exclusão social, formação de sujeitos sociais e compromisso com o território onde se vive, discussões fundamentadas em Paulo Freire, Lev Vygotsky e Hassan Zaoual. Os resultados da análise dos dados estão organizados em três dimensões: ser, fazer e conviver apresentando os processos de construção do ser pessoa, da aprendizagem significativa e das relações sociais.

As cidades de Barbalha, Crato e Juazeiro do Norte, encontra-se em um processo dinâmico e continuo de expansão da sua área urbana, fato este que os coloca como um aglomerado urbano regional, inseridas dentro do contexto de uma região metropolitana, criada pelo o governo do estado, pelo o projeto de lei complementar N° 02 de 2004. As taxas de urbanização da região são elevadas e cada vez mais indústrias e outros atores de produção do espaço são fixados, fato este que torna preocupante essa problemática. Valendo salientar, que esse aglomerado urbano regional com suas áreas de conurbações está localizado nas proximidades de importantes e relevantes recursos naturais. Destarte, o presente estudo tratará de avaliar o processo histórico de expansão e produção do espaço do aglomerado urbano regional formado pelas cidades de Barbalha, Crato e Juazeiro do Norte, visando fornecer subsídios para implementação de políticas, diretrizes e ações dos poderes públicos federal, estadual e municipal em conjunto com a sociedade no sentido de fomentar o Desenvolvimento Sustentável Local. Foram analisadas imagens captadas pelo o sistema sensor TM/LANDSAT 5 e devidamente processadas com o “softwares” ERDAS IMAGINE v. 9.0 e ARCGIS 10.1, referentes aos anos de 1987, 1992, 2002, 2007 e 2010, além de dados populacionais de 1940 a 2010, com isso observou-se o processo histórico de expansão das cidades em estudo. Juazeiro do Norte, de 1987 a 2011, apresentou uma área de expansão de 21,55 Km², o Crato de 10,99 Km² e Barbalha 8,88 Km². A somatória das áreas de expansão dos três municípios é de 41,42 Km². A área total de ocupação do espaço urbano em 2011 de Juazeiro do Norte é de 37,36 Km², do Crato é de 25,43 Km² e Barbalha 13,98 Km², dando um total de 76,77 Km² de ocupação urbana dos municípios em estudo.

O presente estudo teve a proposição de analisar a composição dos sedimentos da rede de drenagem natural do município de Juazeiro do Norte - Ce. Esta análise visa entender como vem reagindo esse meio ambiente diante do processo de uso e ocupação do solo, para posteriormente subsidiar políticas ambientais mais assertivas para o desenvolvimento sustentável da região. Para tanto, foram selecionados onze pontos de coleta de sedimento de fundo ao longo do sistema de drenagem, constituído pelo rio Batateira e seus afluentes (riacho São José, riacho dos Macacos, riacho Salesianos e riacho das Timbaúbas).Também foram demarcados pontos de coleta em solos de áreas adjacentes aos pontos de coleta de sedimento de fundo. As amostras foram coletadas no período de junho de 2011 a outubro de 2012. Nestas amostras, foram determinadas a distribuição granulométrica, composição mineralógica, concentrações de carbono orgânico total e lábil, potenciais hidrogeniônico e redox e concentrações dos metais Ag, Al, Ba, Cd, Ce, Cr, Cu, Co, Fe, Ga, Pb, La, Mn, Mo, Na, Nb, Ni, Th, Ti, Rb, Sr, Zr e Zn . Também foram determinados os níveis de poluição dos sedimentos de fundo, por meio do cálculo do fator de enriquecimento pelos metais estudados e do índice de geoacumulação. O resultado da análise mineralógica constatou a existência de solo do tipo argilossolo, com predominância de argila do tipo caulinita, com elevado grau de intempérie por toda a área estudada. Quanto ao pH, verificou-se que a maioria das amostras de solo e sedimento apresentaram tendência à acidez. Com relação ao Eh, todos os pontos apresentaram características de meio oxidante. O cálculo do fator de enriquecimento e a classificação quanto ao índice de geoacumulação permitiu a identificação dos locais mais afetados pela antropização. Os pontos P4, P6 e P9 foram os locais que apresentaram maiores índices de poluição por metais, sendo que o P9 apresentou  forte poluição devido as expressivas concentrações dos metais Ag, Cd, Mo, Na, Pb, Sr e Zr. Diante do exposto, pode-se concluir que o processo de uso e ocupação do solo no município de Juazeiro do Norte - Ce, notadamente o setor industrial, está afetando a composição dos sedimentos de fundo do sistema de drenagem natural. Verifica-se, portanto, a necessidade de elaboração de políticas públicas que favoreçam o desenvolvimento da economia local de forma sustentável.

Este trabalho de pesquisa busca perceber em que medida a presença da TV e do telejornalismo especializado (rural) influenciam a cultura da vida e do cultivo agrícola de produtores rurais na Região Metropolitana do Cariri (RMC), no Estado do Ceará. Essa pesquisa de natureza qualitativa foi embasada no método francês de Análise do Conteúdo (AC) da pesquisadora Laurence Bardin. A metodologia empregada investigou de que forma as reportagens divulgadas sobre o Cariri, no programa Nordeste Rural, produzido e transmitido pela TV Verdes Mares Cariri, afiliada a Rede Globo de Televisão, no Estado do Ceará contribuíram no processo de desenvolvimento regional sustentável (DRS) da região. Como objeto de análise foram verificadas 12 reportagens rurais sobre a Região do Cariri, sul do Estado do Ceará. No experimento observou-se tanto a produção, reportagem e edição do discurso jornalístico rural emitido pelo programa NR, como também a recepção por parte dos agricultores. A pesquisa entrevistou um grupo de jornalistas ligados ao programa, que trabalham nas emissoras TV Verdes Mares (Fortaleza) e TV Verdes Mares Cariri (Juazeiro do Norte) e um grupo de telespectadores do programa formado por agricultores do Assentamento Malhada, zona rural do município do Crato (RMC). A escolha deste grupo ocorreu pela principal fonte de sobrevivência da comunidade, a agricultura familiar, pela posição geográfica da comunidade e pelo acesso dos produtores rurais ao programa Nordeste Rural, canal de TV local, sem uso de antena parabólica.

Os resíduos de serviços de saúde, aqueles gerados pelos diversos estabelecimentos prestadores de assistência à saúde humana e animal, merecem cuidados especiais. O gerenciamento inadequado ou ausente dos mesmos pode ocasionar danos à saúde humana e ambiental. Considerando tal relevância, a significativa geração desses resíduos no município de Juazeiro do Norte – CE e a restrita produção científica nessa área, particularmente na Região Metropolitana do Cariri, objetivou-se com o presente estudo analisar o modelo de gerenciamento e as estratégias de manejo dos resíduos sólidos em instituições hospitalares do referido município. Foi realizada uma pesquisa documental, pesquisa de campo, exploratória, descritiva e com abordagem qualitativa. Participaram como campo da pesquisa os três hospitais municipais de Juazeiro do Norte, cujos Planos de Gerenciamento dos Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde compuseram as fontes de informações para a pesquisa documental, a partir de um check list elaborado com base nas informações contidas nas resoluções vigentes atualmente. A outra etapa da coleta de dados constituiu-se de observação sistemática das atividades de manejo dos resíduos nos setores assistenciais dos referidos hospitais, a partir de um formulário de observação. Os resultados foram apresentados em quadros e analisados e discutidos com base nos aspectos normativos, bem como na literatura atual sobre o tema. Todas as instituições apresentaram os planos de gerenciamento, apesar do plano do hospital H2 não estar completo no período em que foi analisado. Observou-se que informações essenciais estavam superficiais ou ausentes nos planos investigados, como descrição do empreendimento; diagnóstico dos resíduos, particularmente no que se refere à mensuração do volume e da origem dos mesmos na instituição; descrição detalhada da operacionalização do manejo, bem como dos responsáveis por cada etapa; ações preventivas e corretivas a serem executadas diante do gerenciamento inadequado dos resíduos; e metas para redução, reutilização e reciclagem dos resíduos. Em relação ao manejo, os principais resultados foram: ausência de uniformidade das ações entre setores no mesmo hospital, desconformidade das ações em relação às normas vigentes e incompatibilidade entre o descrito nos planos e o observado nas práticas hospitalares. As principais ações em desconformidade foram: mistura de tipos diferentes de resíduos nos mesmos recipientes de acondicionamento; inadequação ou ausência das embalagens utilizadas para acondicionar os resíduos; inadequação ou ausência de identificação nos recipientes de acondicionamento, carros de transporte dos resíduos e locais de armazenamento; transporte de diferentes tipos de resíduos simultaneamente e em horários de grande fluxo de pessoas ou distribuição de roupas, alimentos ou medicamentos; inadequação dos locais para armazenamento externo dos resíduos e ausência de estrutura física para esta finalidade em um dos hospitais. Considera-se que o diagnóstico realizado com esta pesquisa revela a necessidade de adequação dos planos de gerenciamento e das atividades de manejo dos resíduos das três instituições. Sugere-se que os planos sejam atualizados e difundidos entre os funcionários de cada instituição, e que as ações de manejo sejam supervisionadas periodicamente. Propõe-se ainda que maior atenção seja dada pelos profissionais e gestores de saúde dos hospitais pesquisados às estratégias de redução dos resíduos, de sua reutilização e reciclagem.

A governança territorial enfrenta grandes desafios para integrar o poder público, iniciativa privada e sociedade civil organizada na gestão das políticas públicas direcionadas a promover o desenvolvimento regional sustentável. Os esforços para alcançar um desenvolvimento justo e sustentável apontam para a superação do paradigma materialista e economicista predominante. O surgimento de novos conceitos de sustentabilidade, baseados em princípios éticos e na interação das dimensões econômicas, ambientais, sociais, culturais e político-institucionais, influenciam os rumos das relações entre o local e o global exigindo constante aperfeiçoamento dos sistemas de governo. No aspecto político-institucional as democracias contemporâneas continuam alimentando expectativas de uma melhor qualidade de vida para as populações, por meio da conquista da dignidade humana, liberdades individuais e coletivas, tidas como alicerces desses regimes. Buscando o aprimoramento democrático e a superação das limitações do Estado em atender as necessidades das gerações atuais e futuras, governos experimentam estratégias de redistribuição de responsabilidades e benefícios inerentes aos processos de desenvolvimento. Dentre as estratégias emergentes se destaca a adoção da governança na gestão das políticas públicas voltadas para os territórios, um modelo de gestão pública compartilhada com outros atores, condizente com a democracia participativa e a gestão social, de complexa efetivação. Partindo do reconhecimento da contribuição da democracia participativa para a consolidação dos emergentes desígnios do desenvolvimento, surge uma questão fundamental: O que é necessário para a governança territorial contribuir efetivamente com a promoção do desenvolvimento regional sustentável? Adotando como resposta hipotética a participação integrada entre poder público, sociedade civil organizada e iniciativa privada na gestão das políticas públicas, verificamos a dificuldade no cumprimento da dimensão sócio-política da governança voltada para a integração dos atores e esforços, e a tendência para a evidenciação da sua função utilitária nas dimensões administrativa, econômica ou institucional. Utilizando métodos qualitativos de investigação por meio da revisão bibliográfica e da observação empírica de duas políticas públicas atuantes na Região do Cariri cearense, classificamos os principais desafios segundo a origem, em internos e externos à governança, e segundo a natureza, nas práticas políticas tradicionais, na dificuldade de empoderamento dos atores na gestão das políticas públicas, nas dificuldades operacionais da governança e na desmotivação dos atores. A profusão dos recortes territoriais adotados nas políticas de desenvolvimento e a baixa eficácia do arcabouço jurídico legitimador da democracia participativa completam o quadro de dificuldades. A combinação desses fatores resulta na baixa contribuição atual da governança territorial para a promoção do desenvolvimento regional sustentável, devido a frágil participação integrada dos atores locais na gestão das políticas públicas voltadas para o território.

Esta dissertação tem como principal objetivo analisar os determinantes históricos na construção territorial do Cariri cearense. O trabalho parte da hipótese que as condições geoambientais, o fenômeno do Catolicismo popular e o acesso à educação foram fatores preponderantes para a formação territorial desta região. Metodologicamente a pesquisa utilizou as dimensões da sustentabilidade (social, ambiental, econômica e político-institucional) para fazer a análise da formação histórica do Cariri cearense e levantar as limitações e as possibilidades para o alcance de um processo efetivo de desenvolvimento regional sustentável no Cariri. Os fatores ambientais foram determinantes para a ocupação do território. A economia baseada na cana de açúcar fortaleceu o modelo do monopólio coronelístico da região do Cariri cearense. Os valores culturais herdados pelo povo do Cariri cearense se originam em um mosaico social e econômico construído pelos valores e tradições trazidos primeiro pelos retirantes e depois pelos romeiros. O sertanejo retirante chegava ao Cariri em meio aos períodos de estiagem, atraídos pelas condições naturais menos adversas da região, em busca de alimento para o corpo. E o romeiro vinha em busca do alimento para alma. Cada migrante que ficava acrescentava uma peça ao mosaico. Esse processo histórico levou à formação de uma região rica em diversidade, que reúne condições ambientais, econômicas, sociais e institucionais peculiares que se diferenciam do restante do Semiárido. Apesar dessas particularidades, do forte crescimento econômico e de um grau razoável de inclusão social, a região do Cariri cearense ainda não consolidou um real processo de desenvolvimento regional sustentável.

O presente trabalho se concentra no estudo da Associação Centro de Desenvolvimento Comunitário das Timbaúbas – CDCT, localizada em Juazeiro do Norte/CE e tem com objetivo geral o processo de analisá-la na perspectiva de um empreendimento econômico e solidário (EES) e à luz do marco analítico de sustentabilidade, com intuito de saber em que medida esta, enquanto EES tem desenvolvido as dimensões da sustentabilidade. Para tanto é feita uma análise a partir de um quadro analítico da sustentabilidade. Como objetivos específicos para  atingir o objetivo geral, buscou-se identificar os referenciais ligados à economia solidária, empreendimentos econômicos e solidários e seus panoramas atuais no Brasil e na região do Cariri, além de um levantamento teórico sobre sustentabilidade. Foi também realizada uma caracterização profunda e uma analise do CDCT a partir do quadro analítico apresentado. Como pressuposto, considerou-se que o CDCT articula as diversas dimensões de sustentabilidade e pode desenvolver ações capazes de contribuir para um desenvolvimento sustentável. A pesquisa foi do tipo exploratória e utilizou como  método o estudo de caso com coleta de dados por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e da observação participante, bem como entrevista focalizada e análises documentais. Como resultado, observou-se que o empreendimento analisado se enquadra no perfil de empreendimento econômico e solidário, articulando diversas lógicas econômicas e desenvolve atividades que estimulam uma participação da comunidade envolvida capaz de promover transformações sociais, políticas, culturais e ambientais.

A violência é um importante obstáculo para a economia, o bem-estar social, a saúde e a governabilidade, e um problema para o desenvolvimento. Todo ano, mais de um milhão de pessoas morrem e muitas outras sofrem lesões não fatais resultantes de violência coletiva, interpessoal ou autoinfligida. Nesse sentido, a instituição de ensino superior é o ambiente propício para o pensar-agir contido na práxis, onde é possível desenvolver novas alternativas de se viver em sociedade de forma ética e solidária, pacífica e mais igualitária. De tal modo, pode não só alterar a sociedade na qual ela está inserida, como também a ela própria. O presente estudo realizou uma investigação acerca do papel da Universidade Regional do Cariri (URCA) na formação discente em relação à violência, através da abordagem da temática ‘violência e cultura de paz’ no curso de enfermagem, sob a ótica docente. Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, realizado por meio de uma entrevista narrativa com seis docentes do Departamento de enfermagem, no período de março a maio de 2013. Para o tratamento dos dados, utilizou-se a análise de Conteúdo proposta por Bardin, da qual emergiram três classes temáticas: (1) Percepções e conhecimento teórico sobre violência e cultura de paz, se desdobrando em três categorias e duas subcategorias; (2) Atuação profissional (detecção e prática), com duas categorias e três subcategorias; e (3) Atuação docente, agrupando três categorias. Assim, foi possível concluir que os docentes apesar de possuírem conhecimentos específicos da temática dentro dos campos de saber os quais pertencem, não se sentem preparados para a docência nesse campo de atuação e conjecturam que seja um reflexo de seus próprios processos de formação acadêmica, onde foram falhas ou ausentes as abordagens da violência e cultura de paz nas disciplinas curriculares. Reconheceram também que seus discentes saem da graduação sem a capacidade necessária para lidarem em prol da paz. Essa ideia foi reforçada ao analisar o ementário do curso, onde essas temáticas aparecem de forma insuficiente nos programas disciplinares, sendo contempladas apenas em duas disciplinas. No entanto, os docentes que participaram, enquanto alunos, de projetos de extensão direcionados às temáticas sentiam-se mais preparados para a docência, ou seja, os projetos de extensão funcionaram como grande influenciador da prática docente nessas áreas. O estudo evidencia que, mesmo diante dos elevados índices de violência na realidade Caririense e das diretrizes curriculares da universidade, para que se formem profissionais capacitados para atender aos principais problemas de saúde que afetam a população, ainda são limitadas as ações desse órgão formador de enfermeiros no que se refere à inserção desse tema em seus currículos para contribuir com o desenvolvimento sustentável da sociedade local. Recomenda-se, assim, que a abordagem do tema ‘violência e cultura de paz’ seja incorporada às diversas disciplinas e em todos os anos do curso, e o estudante receba instruções detalhadas para que incorpore, gradativamente, conhecimentos, práticas e atitudes adequados ao seu papel na prevenção, na intervenção junto à família e na promoção da cultura de paz.